Skip to main content
. 2024 Feb 1;70(1):61–72. doi: 10.5606/tftrd.2024.13209

Table 3. Evaluation of pre-treatment and post-treatment contraction muscle thickness of inter- and intra-groups.

  Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 p
Mean±SD Median Min-Max Mean±SD Median Min-Max Mean±SD
RA muscle Non-hemiplegic side                
Pre-treatment 8.65±1.6     9.79±1.32     10.75±1.84 0.009*1a
Post-treatment 10.26±1.98     11.07±1.38       0.3021b
Pre-Post p2   <0.001*     0.001*      
Pre-post difference   1.4 0.6-2.7   1.2 0.2-2.7 - 0.8243
Hemiplegic side                
Pre-treatment 7.72±1.44     8.21±1.34     10.28±1.62 <0.001*1a
Post-treatment 9.55±1.7     9.47±1.05       0.9011b
Pre-Post p2   <0.001*     <0.001*      
Pre-post difference   2.05 1.1-2.3   1.2 0.5-2.2 - 0.046*3
TrA muscle Non-hemiplegic side                
Pre-treatment 6.28±1     6.17±1.33     6.57±0.88 0.5631a
Post-treatment 7.46±1.62     6.72±1.36       0.2821b
Pre-Post p2   0.005*     0.043*      
Pre-post difference   0.7 0.4-3.5   0.65 0.2-1.5 - 0.2013
Hemiplegic side                
Pre-treatment 5.23±1.1     4.9±1.31     6.24±0.91 0.004*1a
Post-treatment 6.69±1.8     5.84±1.25       0.2361b
Pre-Post p2   0.003*     <0.001*      
Pre-post difference   1.3 0.1-3.3   0.85 0.4-1.6 - 0.3313
IO muscle Non-hemiplegic side                
Pre-treatment 6.48±1.01     6.85±1.44     6.98±1.03 0.5321a
Post-treatment 7.85±1.01     7.76±1.47       0.8751b
Pre-Post p2   <0.001*     0.002*      
Pre-post difference   1.4 0.3-2.6   0.8 0.3-2.5 - 0.2013
Hemiplegic side                
Pre-treatment 5.35±0.82     5.86±1.36     6.77±0.92 0.003*1a
Post-treatment 6.54±1.13     6.6±1.72       0.9271b
Pre-Post p2   <0.001*     0.016*      
Pre-post difference   1.05 0.2-2.4   0.7 0.1-2.5 - 0.83
EO muscle Non-hemiplegic side                
Pre-treatment 6.69±0.77     7.48±1.4     7.41±1.37 0.2801a
Post-treatment 7.99±1.29     8.35±1.45       0.5661b
Pre-Post p2   0.002*     0.001*      
Pre-post difference   1.35 0-2.5   0.85 0.2-1.8 - 0.1523
Hemiplegic side                
Pre-treatment 5.8±1.14     6.28±1.25     6.91±1.09 0.047*1a
Post-treatment 7.09±1.22     7.43±1.56       0.5941b
Pre-Post p2   0.001*     0.001*      
Pre-post difference   1.2 0.4-2.7   0.85 0.5-2.7 - 0.8243
SD: Standard deviation; PRE: Pre-treatment; POST: Post-treatment; RA: Rectus abdominis; TrA: Transversus abdominis; IO:Internus obliquus; EO: Externus obliquus; 1a One way ANOVA test; 1b Student t test; 2 Paired samples t test; * p<0.05; 3 Mann-Whitney U test (Group 1 & 2).