Table 3.
Associations between serum 25(OH)D categories and socio-demographic, geographic and lifestyle characteristics among Nunavimmiut (Inuit living in Nunavik, Québec, Canada; n 1,155) participants in the Q2017 Health Survey
| Variable | Relative risk ratio (fully adjusted)* | 95 % CI | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Serum 25(OH)D > 50 nmol/l (base outcome) | |||
| Serum 25(OH)D > 30 nmol/l ≤ 25(OH)D ≤ 50 nmol/l | |||
| Age | |||
| (16–19) | |||
| 20–39 | 0·63 | 0·36–1·13 | 0·12 |
| 40–59 | 0·33 | 0·17–0·63 | 0·001 |
| 60+ | 0·06 | 0·02–15·4 | 0·48 |
| Gender | |||
| (F) | |||
| M | 1·711 | 1·20–2·44 | 0·003 |
| Education | |||
| (Grade 6 or less) | |||
| Some secondary school (Grade 7–10) | 1·36 | 0·47–3·94 | 0·57 |
| Secondary school (grade 11) or higher | 1·70 | 0·55–5·33 | 0·36 |
| Income (per year) | |||
| (<$15 000) | |||
| $15 000–$25 000 | 0·76 | 0·44–1·34 | 0·35 |
| $25 000–$60 000 | 0·82 | 0·46–1·49 | 0·52 |
| >$60 000 | 1·28 | 0·63–2·59 | 0·49 |
| Community size | |||
| (Large community) | |||
| Small community | 0·60 | 0·37–0·99 | 0·047 |
| Community latitude (degrees N) | 1·14 | 0·97–1·32 | 0·11 |
| Interview/blood draw month | |||
| (August) | |||
| September | 1·00 | 0·56–1·79 | 0·99 |
| October | 1·13 | 0·55–2·33 | 0·73 |
| Smoking | |||
| (None) | |||
| Occasionally | 0·91 | 0·39–2·11 | 0·82 |
| Daily | 0·94 | 0·57–1·53 | 079 |
| Harvesting or traditional activities | |||
| (Yes) | |||
| No | 1·13 | 0·55–2·32 | 0·74 |
| Country food dietary profile | |||
| (Not at all) | |||
| Low | 0·62 | 0·40–0·94 | 0·024 |
| Moderate or high | 0·55 | 0·32–0·97 | 0·038 |
| Serum 25(OH)D < 30 nmol/l | |||
| Age | |||
| (16–19) | |||
| 20–39 | 2·18 | 0·64–7·41 | 0·21 |
| 40–59 | 0·56 | 0·17–1·91 | 0·36 |
| 60+ | 0·07 | 0·002–3·71 | 0·78 |
| Gender | |||
| (F) | |||
| M | 1·07 | 0·52–2·18 | 0·57 |
| Education | |||
| (Grade 6 or less) | |||
| Some secondary school (grade 7–10) | 0·65 | 0·009–48·5 | 0·85 |
| Secondary school (grade 11) or higher | 032 | 0·004–25·0 | 0·60 |
| Income (per year) | |||
| (<$15 000) | |||
| $15 000–$25 000 | 0·42 | 0·12–1·49 | 0·18 |
| $25 000–$60 000 | 0·67 | 0·26–1·69 | 0·39 |
| >$60 000 | 0·99 | 0·27–2·36 | 0·87 |
| Community size | |||
| (Large community) | |||
| Small community | 0·30 | 0·13–0·68 | 0·004 |
| Community latitude (degrees N) | 1·71 | 1·26–2·31 | 0·001 |
| Interview/blood draw month | |||
| (August) | |||
| September | 1·1 | 0·40–2·96 | 0·86 |
| October | 0·79 | 0·006–102·5 | 0·92 |
| Smoking | |||
| (None) | |||
| Occasionally | 0·58 | 0·02–12·42 | 0·89 |
| Daily | 0·92 | 0·36–2·37 | 0·87 |
| Harvesting or traditional activities | |||
| (Yes) | |||
| No | 2·19 | 0·80–6·04 | 0·13 |
| Country food dietary profile | |||
| (Not at all) | |||
| Low | 0·40 | 0·18–0·87 | 0·021 |
| Moderate and high | 0·21 | 0·07–0·66 | 0·008 |
25(OH)D, 25 hydroxyvitamin D; Q2017 Health Survey, Qanuilirpitaa? 2017 Inuit Health Survey; BRR, balanced repeated replication.
*
Adjusted for age (years), sex and community latitude (degrees North), education, income, community size, interview/blood draw month (August, September or October), smoking, participation in harvesting or traditional activities and country food consumption profile using weighted multivariable multinomial logistic regression analysis with BRR se estimates.