Table 7.
Moderated mediation results for negative emotions against immigrant groups through threat perceptions as mediators and cognitive ability as a moderator.
| Indirect effects in predicting negative emotions toward American expatriates | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mediator | Cognitive ability | Indirect effects | SE | 95% CI |
| Symbolic threat |
3.276 | 0.032 | 0.014 | 0.008 to 0.063 |
| 5.263 | 0.018 | 0.009 | 0.003 to 0.037 | |
| 7.251 | 0.005 | 0.011 | −0.015 to 0.030 | |
| Realistic threat |
3.276 | 0.050 | 0.019 | 0.019 to 0.093 |
| 5.263 | 0.031 | 0.012 | 0.010 to 0.056 | |
| 7.251 | 0.009 | 0.017 | −0.023 to 0.041 | |
| Indirect effects in predicting negative emotions toward Malays | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mediator | Cognitive ability | Indirect effects | SE | 95% CI |
| Symbolic threat |
3.276 | 0.030 | 0.018 | 0.005 to 0.074 |
| 5.263 | 0.023 | 0.011 | 0.005 to 0.046 | |
| 7.251 | 0.010 | 0.015 | −0.019 to 0.040 | |
| Realistic threat |
3.276 | 0.072 | 0.025 | 0.029 to 0.126 |
| 5.263 | 0.039 | 0.014 | 0.015 to 0.069 | |
| 7.251 | 0.014 | 0.014 | −0.012 to 0.044 | |
| Indirect effects in predicting negative emotions toward Indians | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mediator | Cognitive ability | Indirect effects | SE | 95% CI |
| Symbolic threat |
3.276 | 0.029 | 0.016 | 0.005 to 0.068 |
| 5.263 | 0.027 | 0.012 | 0.006 to 0.052 | |
| 7.251 | 0.023 | 0.017 | −0.008 to 0.060 | |
| Realistic threat |
3.276 | 0.035 | 0.018 | 0.004 to 0.076 |
| 5.263 | 0.019 | 0.011 | 0.001 to 0.043 | |
| 7.251 | 0.007 | 0.011 | −0.011 to 0.033 | |
1. Analyses performed using the PROCESS macro for SPSS (Model 59; Hayes, 2017) applying 5,000 bootstrapped bias-corrected resample 2. SE, standard error; CI, confidence interval 3. Cognitive ability, -1SD, mean, and + 1SD 4. Statistical controls include age, gender, education, income, race, religion, media use, and contextual control variable.