AC	Alternating current	NAD+	Oxidative nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
hASC	Human adipose derived MSC	NADH	Reductive nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
AKT	Protein kinase B	NAM	Nicotinamide
ATP	Adenosine triphosphate	NEFL	Neurofilament light polypeptide
Aβ	Alpha beta	NEFM	Neurofilament medium polypeptide
Aδ	Alpha delta	NESTIN	Neuroepithelial stem cell protein
BBB	Blood–brain barrier	NK-kB	Nuclear factor-kappa beta
BDNF	Brain-derived neurotrophic factor	NGF	Nerve growth factor
b-FGF	Fibroblast growth factor	nm	Nanometers
hBM-MSC	Human bone marrow derived MSC	NMDA	N-methyl-D-aspartate
Ca2+	Calcium	NMN	Nicotinamide mononucleotide
CD44	Cluster of differentiation 44	NMNAT	Nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase
CHMP4C	Chromatin modified protein 4C	NP	Neuropathic pain
CIPN	Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy	NR	Nicotinamide riboside
CNS	Central nervous system	nSMase2	Neutral sphingomyelinase 2
CT	Computerized tomography
DC	Direct current	NT-3	Neurotrophin-3
DHT	Dihydrotestosterone	NURR1	Dopaminergic neuron marker
DPN	Diabetic peripheral neuropathy	OCT-3/4	Octamer transcription factor 3 and 4
DSN	Distal symmetric neuropathy	P0	Protein zero
ECM	Extracellular matrix	PI3K	Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase
ER	Endoplasmic reticulum	PAX6	Paired box 6
ESCs	Embryonic stem cells	PC	Phosphatidylcholine
ESCRT	Endosomal sorting complex required for transport	PCL	Polycaprolactone
EVs	Extracellular vesicles	PE	Phosphatidylethanolamine
FasL	Fas ligand	PGA	Poly-glycolic acid
FBS	Fetal bovine serum	PI	Phosphatidylinositol
FDA	U.S. Food and Drug Administration	PLA	Polylactic acid
FK506	Tacrolimus	PLGA	Poly-dl-lactic-co-glycolic acid
GABA	Gamma-aminobutyric acid	PMP22	Peripheral myelin protein-22
GAP-43	Growth-associated protein 43	PN	Peripheral neuropathy
GDF3	Growth and differentiation factor 3	PNS	Peripheral nervous system
GDNF	Glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor	PS	Phosphatidylserine
GFAP	Glial fibrillary acidic protein	PSA	Pressure sensitive adhesive tape
GluN1	Glycine-binding subunits	PVA	Polyvinyl acetate
GM	Gangliosides	qPCR	Quantitative polymerase chain reaction
GPCR	G protein-coupled receptor
GPI	Glycosylphosphatidylinositol	RA	Retinoic acid
GTPase	Guanosine triphosphate	Rab GTPases	Ras-associated binding guanosine triphosphates
HA	Hyaluronic acid	REX1	Reduced expression 1
hASC	Human ASC	ROS	Reactive oxygen species
hBM-MSC	Human BM-MSC	rSCs	Repair Schwann cells
Hrs	Hepatocyte growth factor-regulated tyrosine kinase substrate	RT-PCR	Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction
HF	High frequency	S100B	Calcium-binding protein B
HLA-DR	Human leukocyte antigen	SARM1	Sterile alpha and toll/interleukin-1 receptor motif-containing 1
HPL	Human platelet lysate	SC	Schwann cell
Hsc	Heat shock cognate	SHH	Sonic Hedgehog protein
Hsp	Heat shock protein	SMPD2	Sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 2
hUC	Human umbilical cord	SOX2	Sex determining region Y-box 2
Hz	Hertz	STAM1	Signal transducing adaptor molecule
IGF-1	Insulin-like growth factor 1	STZ	Streptozotocin
IL	Interleukin	TENS	Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation
ILV	Intraluminal vesicles	TfR	Transferrin receptor
iPSCs	Induced pluripotent stem cells	TGF-β1	Transforming growth factor-beta 1
JNK	C-Jun N-terminal kinase	TH	Tyrosine hydroxylase
K+	Potassium	TLR4	Toll-like receptor member 4
KLF4	Kruppel-like factor 4	TNF-α	Tumor necrosis factor
kPa	Kilopascal
LAMP1	Lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1	Trp	Tryptophan
LF	Low frequency	TRAIL	TNF related apoptosis-inducing ligand
mA	Milliamps	TSG	Tumor susceptibility gene
MAL	Myelin and lymphocyte protein	Tuj1	Class III beta-tubulin
MAPK	Mitogen-activated protein kinase	hUM-MSC	Human umbilical cord derived MSC
MEK/ERK	Kinase extracellular signaling regulation pathway	VEGF	Vascular endothelial growth factor
MHC	Major histocompatibility complex	VPS	Vascular protein sorting-associated protein
miRNA	MicroRNA	VTA1	Vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein
MITF	Melanocyte including transcription factor	WD	Wallerian degeneration
MM	Multiple myeloma	WHO	World Health Organization
MRI	Magnetic resonance imaging	Wlds	Wallerian degeneration slow
mRNA	Messenger RNA	μs	Microseconds
MSCs	Mesenchymal stromal cells	µm	Micrometers
MVB	Multivesicular bodies	2D	Two-dimensional
NA	Nicotinic acid	3D	Three-dimensional
Na+	Sodium