View full-text article in PMC Bioengineering (Basel). 2024 Mar 16;11(3):283. doi: 10.3390/bioengineering11030283 Search in PMC Search in PubMed View in NLM Catalog Add to search Copyright and License information © 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). PMC Copyright notice Algorithm 1 Adaptive Cooperative Crowd Modeling using ATC Require: wk,1, tk,i, Lk,i for i=1 to Number Iterations do for k=1 to Nk do Adaptation step: if wk,i≈pk,i then vk,i+1a=−Ck,iR∥wk,i−(pk,i−α)∥−1wk,i−(pk,i−α)∥wk,i−(pk,i−α)∥ else vk,i+1a=Ck,itk,i−wk,i∥tk,i−wk,i∥ end if δk,i=1|Nk|−1∑l∈Nk\{k}∥wl,i−wk,i∥−ruk,iwl,i−wk,i vk,i+1=λ(βvk,i+1a)+(1−λ)vk,ig+γδk,i φl,i=(1−μkv)vk,i−1g+μkvvk,i Given vk,i+1, we obtain the next location vector of node k wk,i+1=wk,i+Δi·vk,i+1 Combination step: vk,ig=∑l∈Nkal,kvφl,i end for end for