Figure 1.

Role of simplified MASLD pathogenesis in classic cardiovascular risk factor development. TCA: Tricarboxylic acid; TAG: Triglycerides; ROS: Reactive oxygen species; AG: Acylglycerides; CV: Cardiovascular. Upwards arrows: increases; downwards arrows: decreases; red cross: blocks; red lighting symbol: interferes or impacts. Legend: Both pernicious genes and lifestyle have a role in the incremental concentration of glucose in the liver, which is metabolized through the TCA cycle and the glucogen synthesis pathways, among others. An excess in Acetyl CoA provides a higher concentration of intrahepatic acyl glycerides, which is directly linked to insulin resistance, providing reduced glycogen synthesis, a need for higher levels of insulin to provide glucose for energetic purposes (effective liver glucose), which activates intrahepatic gluconeogenesis and an excess in triglycerides, leading to a less efficient metabolization, with Radical Oxygen Species production and a higher plasma concentration of triglycerides and cholesterol particles contributing to a higher cardiovacular risk through classical risk factors [30,31,32,33].