Table 2.
Prevalence of different levels of dental anxiety according to the level of ANS 1 activity, i.e., the lowest and highest 20% and the mid group (as a reference group) standardized according to sex at birth.
| Dental Anxiety | Adjusted p-Level | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| High n = 87 |
Moderate n = 614 |
No to Low n = 1204 |
p-Level |
Moderate vs. No to Low |
High vs. No to Low |
|
| ANS seated | % | % | % | |||
| HR 2, low | 19.8 | 18.2 | 20.8 | 0.018 | 0.732 | 0.696 |
| HR, mid | 57.0 | 57.5 | 61.6 | reference | reference | |
| HR, high | 23.3 | 24.3 | 17.7 | 0.002 | 0.271 | |
| SDNN 3, low | 23.3 | 20.6 | 16.2 | 0.054 | 0.039 | 0.329 |
| SDNN, mid | 63.9 | 59.5 | 62.9 | reference | reference | |
| SDNN, high | 12.8 | 19.9 | 20.9 | 0.951 | 0.147 | |
| rMSSD 4, low | 20.0 | 24.3 | 17.5 | 0.011 | 0.001 | 0.977 |
| rMSSD, mid | 64.7 | 56.4 | 61.9 | reference | reference | |
| rMSSD, high | 15.3 | 19.3 | 20.6 | 0.941 | 0.403 | |
| HF 5, low | 21.2 | 23.1 | 17.6 | 0.118 | 0.006 | 0.894 |
| HF, mid | 67.1 | 56.5 | 62.1 | reference | reference | |
| HF, high | 11.8 | 20.3 | 20.4 | 0.756 | 0.132 | |
| LF 6, low | 25.6 | 22.9 | 17.5 | 0.004 | 0.004 | 0.300 |
| LF, mid | 64.0 | 55.6 | 62.7 | reference | reference | |
| LF, high | 10.5 | 21.5 | 19.9 | 0.111 | 0.080 | |
| LF/HF, low | 13.9 | 20.5 | 20.1 | 0.017 | 0.604 | 0.104 |
| LF/HF, mid | 73.3 | 58.1 | 60.1 | reference | reference | |
| LF/HF, high | 12.8 | 21.4 | 19.8 | 0.253 | 0.060 | |
| BRS 7, low | 22.6 | 23.7 | 17.9 | 0.006 | 0.003 | 0.835 |
| BRS, mid | 69.1 | 56.6 | 61.2 | reference | reference | |
| BRS, high | 8.3 | 19.7 | 20.9 | 0.886 | 0.022 | |
| ANS standing | % | % | % | |||
| HR, low | 23.3 | 18.2 | 20.7 | 0.211 | 0.267 | 0.380 |
| HR, mid | 55.8 | 59.0 | 60.8 | reference | reference | |
| HR, high | 20.9 | 22.8 | 18.6 | 0.069 | 0.543 | |
| SDNN, low | 24.7 | 19.7 | 15.4 | 0.004 | 0.101 | 0.182 |
| SDNN, mid | 61.2 | 63.0 | 61.7 | reference | reference | |
| SDNN, high | 14.1 | 17.3 | 22.9 | 0.027 | 0.259 | |
| rMSSD, low | 16.7 | 22.3 | 18.7 | 0.165 | 0.118 | 0.2164 |
| rMSSD, mid | 69.4 | 58.1 | 60.6 | reference | reference | |
| rMSSD, high | 14.1 | 19.6 | 20.7 | 0.816 | 0.163 | |
| HF, low | 18.8 | 22.9 | 18.3 | 0.376 | 0.019 | 0.402 |
| HF, mid | 71.8 | 56.3 | 61.3 | reference | reference | |
| HF, high | 9.4 | 20.8 | 20.4 | 0.473 | 0.030 | |
| LF, low | 26.7 | 21.1 | 18.7 | 0.194 | 0.471 | 0.298 |
| LF, mid | 58.1 | 60.1 | 60.1 | reference | reference | |
| LF, high | 15.1 | 18.3 | 21.2 | 0.305 | 0.380 | |
| LF/HF, low | 25.6 | 19.7 | 19.7 | 0.011 | 0.940 | 0.330 |
| LF/HF, mid | 61.3 | 59.2 | 60.5 | reference | reference | |
| LF/HF, high | 12.8 | 21.1 | 19.8 | 0.630 | 0.177 | |
| BRS, low | 23.5 | 20.1 | 19.5 | 0.580 | 0.760 | 0.735 |
| BRS, mid | 62.4 | 60.8 | 59.7 | reference | reference | |
| BRS, high | 14.1 | 19.1 | 20.8 | 0.510 | 0.198 | |
1 ANS: autonomic nervous system, 2 HR: heart rate, 3 SDNN: standard deviation of normal-to-normal R-R-interval, 4 rMSSD: root mean square of successive differences in R-R intervals, 5 HF: high-frequency power of R-R intervals oscillations, 6 LF: low-frequency power of R-R interval oscillations, 7 BRS: baroreflex sensitivity.