| BBB | Blood Brain Barrier |
| BDNF | Brain-derived neurotrophic factor |
| CAMs | Cell adhesion molecules protein |
| CNS | central nervous system |
| CRS-R | Coma Recovery Scale-Revised |
| CSF | cerebrospinal fluid |
| CV | Coefficient of Variation |
| Doc | Disorders of Consciousness |
| DRS | Disability Rating Scale |
| e-MCS | exit MCS |
| FDA | Food and Drug administration |
| GFAP | Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein |
| ICAM-1 | intercellular adhesion molecule 1 |
| IL | interleukin |
| IQR | interquartile range |
| kDa | kilodalton |
| LIS | locked-in syndrome |
| LLOQ | Lower Limit of Quantification |
| LOD | Limit of Detection |
| MAP | Microtubule-associated protein |
| MCS | Minimally Consciousness State |
| MicroRNAs | miRNAs |
| NF-L | Neurofilament Light |
| p-DoC | prolonged Disorders of Consciousness |
| sABI | severe Acquired Brain Injury |
| TBI | traumatic brain injury |
| TNF | tumor necrosis factor |
| T-Tau | Total Tau |
| UCH-L1 | Ubiquitin C-terminal Hydrolase |
| UWS | Unresponsive Wakefulness Syndrome |
| VS | Vegetative State |