A	cross-sectional area, m2	tp	time spent in periodic drying, h
cp	specific heat capacity, kJ/kg°C	T	temperature, °C
E	energy flow rate, kW	Ts	hazelnut surface temperetur, °C
Ec	total energy flow rate expended for continuous drying, kWh	Ta	average temperature, °C
Ep	total energy flow rate expended for periodic drying, kWh	To	oven temperature, °C
Ed	total energy flow rate expended for continuous or periodic drying, kWh	Te	environment temperature, °C
$\dot{m}$	air mass flow rate, kg/s	v	air velocity, m/s
M	moisture content (g water/g dry matter)	SEC	specific energy consumption kWh/kg water
mdm	mass of the dry weight, g	Greek Symbols
mt	mass of the samples at a specific time, g	ρ	density, kg/m3
mw	mass of loss water, kg	ɳs	energy utilization
tc	time spent in continuous drying, h