Table 1.
Maternal and infant demographic and clinical characteristics overall and stratified by median BTEX exposure (median = 7.42 μg/m3).
| Combined Population (N = 64) |
Low BTEX (N = 32) |
High BTEX (N = 32) |
p-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal education (≥ college), n (%) | 20 (36.4) | 7 (28.0) | 13 (43.3) | 0.370 |
| Maternal age at blood draw, mean (SD) | 25.84 (5.89) | 27.72 (6.49) | 23.95 (4.59) | 0.009 |
| Pre-pregnancy BMI (kg/m2), mean (SD) | 28.13 (6.66) | 29.77 (6.24) | 26.48 (6.76) | 0.047 |
| Married, n (%) | 12 (18.8) | 8 (25.0) | 4(12.5) | 0.337 |
| Prenatal smoking, n (%) | 7 (10.9) | 3 (9.4) | 4 (12.5) | 1.000 |
| ETS exposed, n (%) | 21 (70.0) | 13(76.5) | 8 (61.5) | 0.630 |
| Parity, mean (SD) | 1.05 (1.43) | 1.09 (1.12) | 1.00 (1.70) | 0.796 |
| Methylation-based predicted immune cell %, mean (SD) | ||||
| CD8+ T-cell | 8.97 (3.77) | 8.39 (2.90) | 9.55 (4.44) | 0.219 |
| CD4+ T-cell | 7.11 (3.38) | 7.68 (3.35) | 6.54 (3.36) | 0.181 |
| NK-cell | 1.69 (2.37) | 1.57 (1.46) | 1.82 (3.05) | 0.681 |
| B-cell | 3.10 (1.69) | 3.19 (1.84) | 3.02 (1.54) | 0.696 |
| Monocytes | 9.64 (2.27) | 9.59 (2.12) | 9.69 (2.45) | 0.870 |
| Granulocytes | 69.48 (7.00) | 69.59 (6.13) | 69.38 (7.87) | 0.909 |
| Infant sex (male), n (%) | 33 (52.4) | 18 (56.2) | 15 (48.4) | 0.710 |
| Birthweight (grams), mean (SD) | 3151.29 (610.96) | 3182.22 (605.63) | 3119.35 (624.76) | 0.687 |
| Gestational age at delivery (weeks), mean (SD) | 38.73 (2.47) | 38.81 (1.99) | 38.64 (2.90) | 0.780 |
BMI, body mass index; BTEX, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes; ETS, environmental tobacco smoke; SD, standard deviation. p-value from t-test for continuous variables and from chi-square test for categorical variables.