AGEs	advanced end glycation products
ALP	alkaline phosphatase
AMPK	AMP-activated protein kinase
BBB	blood–brain barrier
BC	brain compartment
CNS	central nervous system
CSF	cerebrospinal fluid
ELISA	Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
ERK1/2	extracellular signal-regulated kinase ½
ETC	electron transport chain
FBS	fetal bovine serum
GFAP	glial fibrillary acidic protein
GM-CSF	granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor
H&E	hematoxylin and eosin
IFN-γ	interferon gamma
IGT	impaired glucose tolerance
ILs	interleukins, including IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, and IL-17A
LPS	lipopolysaccharide
MAPK	mitogen-activated protein kinases
MC	microvascular compartment
NAD	nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
NAD+	oxidized form of NAD
NAMPT (or NAmPRTase)	nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase
NF-κB	nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells
OD	optical density
P38-MAPK	mitogen-p38-activated protein kinases
PBS	phosphate-buffered saline
PET	polyester
PFA	paraformaldehyde
PGC-1α	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator 1α
PI3K/Akt	phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B
PRR	pattern recognizing receptor
PTS	protein transport system
ROS	reactive oxygen species
RSV	resveratrol
SIRT, SIRT1	sirtuin, sirtuin 1
T2D	type 2 diabetes
TEER	transendothelial electrical resistance
TNF-α	tumor necrosis factor alpha
γ-GTP	gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase