Table 2.

Primary analysis and characterization of cellulose-based hydrogels for their intended applications.

Field/Application	Specific Analysis and Characterization Techniques
Agriculture	Gel strength, gel fraction, swelling tests, elution tests with urea Water absorbency and retention capacity tests Plant growth experiments Equilibrium absorption tests Soil-water retention curve analysis
Medical Field (wound dressing, hemostasis)	Antibacterial activity testing Blood absorption content, RBC attachment, blood clotting index Cytocompatibility, cytotoxicity tests Radical graft copolymerization, chemical and physical crosslinking methods
Environmental Applications (dye pollutant removal, oil spill cleanup)	Dye uptake capability, biodegradability Oil absorption and release performance Adsorption capacity analysis for heavy metal ions
Construction Material	Rheology, hydration kinetics, early-age strength analysis Micro-structural build-up
Personal Hygiene Products	Phase inversion and lyophilisation Water and blood sorption tests