Cellular immune responses after prime-boost vaccination. Cellular immune responses were assessed by IFN-γ/IL-2 FluoroSpot on splenocytes collected 2 weeks after the last immunization. The FluoroSpot assay detects cells secreting IFN-γ (A), IL-2 (B), or both (C) cytokines in response to various stimuli. A Gag B peptide pool and the MHC class I-restricted AMQMLKETI peptide (present in DNA [Gag A and B] and MVA-CMDR [Gag A]) were used to assess Gag-specific responses. Env B and E peptide pools, MHC class I-restricted RGPGRAFVTI peptide (present in DNA [Env B]), and recombinant gp140C, were used to assess Env-specific responses. Bars represent mean values with standard error of the mean (n=6; *p<0.05, **p<0.01; D, DNA; M, MVA-CMDR; P, rgp140C).