Table 1.
Baseline demographic characteristics of the total study population and per strain-based group.
| Total Population n = 712 |
Preserved Strain Group n = 191 |
Single-Ventricle Impaired Strain Group n = 314 |
Biventricular-Impaired Strain Group n = 207 |
p-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 80 (±7) | 80 (±7) | 80 (±7) | 79 (±7) | 0.229 |
| Male sex, n (%) | 377 (53) | 83 (44) | 148 (47) | 146 (71) * + | <0.001 |
| BSA, m2 | 1.9 (±0.2) | 1.8 (±0.2) | 1.8 (±0.2) | 1.9 (±0.2) * + | <0.001 |
| Smoking, n (%) | 153 (23) | 37 (21) | 64 (22) | 52 (27) | 0.361 |
| Arterial hypertension, n (%) | 527 (74) | 150 (79) | 227 (73) | 150 (73) | 0.234 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 201 (28) | 52 (27) | 91 (21) | 58 (28) | 0.931 |
| Dyslipidemia, n (%) | 447 (63) | 122 (64) | 193 (62) | 132 (64) | 0.794 |
| Coronary artery disease, n (%) | 421 (59) | 96 (51) | 193 (62) * | 132 (64) * | 0.015 |
| Previous CABG, n (%) | 114 (18) | 18 (11) | 44 (15) | 52 (31) * + | <0.001 |
| Peripheral artery disease, n (%) | 208 (29) | 52 (27) | 96 (31) | 60 (29) | 0.724 |
| Chronic kidney disease, n (%) | 209 (30) | 46 (24) | 84 (27) | 79 (39) * + | 0.003 |
| Atrial fibrillation, n (%) | 169 (24) | 20 (11) | 69 (22) * | 80 (39) * + | <0.001 |
| NYHA class III-IV, n (%) | 403 (57) | 91 (48) | 178 (56) | 134 (65) * + | 0.003 |
| Betablockers, n (%) | 417 (59) | 104 (55) | 196 (62) | 117 (57) | 0.189 |
| Diuretics, n (%) | 394 (55) | 74 (39) | 175 (56) * | 145 (70) * + | <0.001 |
| RAAS-inhibitors, n (%) | 376 (53) | 98 (52) | 162 (52) | 116 (56) | 0.520 |
| Statins, n (%) | 452 (64) | 121 (64) | 204 (65) | 127 (62) | 0.744 |
Values are expressed as mean ± SD, median (IQR) or n (%). Abbreviations: BSA: Body Surface Area; CABG: coronary artery bypass graft; NYHA: New York Heart Association; RAAS-inhibitors: Renin- angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors. Chronic kidney disease was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 mL/min/m2. * Significant difference with “preserved strain group”; + Significant difference with “single-ventricle impaired strain group” (after Bonferroni correction).