Table 2. Associated factors for employment status of patients with advanced CKD.
| Parameters | Employed (n = 159) | Unemployed (n = 159) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 46.1 ± 9.5 | 52.2 ± 8.3 | <0.001 a |
| Gender, n (%) | 0.010 b | ||
| Male | 97 (61.0) | 73 (45.9) | |
| Female | 62 (39.0) | 86 (54.1) | |
| Race, n (%) | 0.386b | ||
| Malay | 116 (73.0) | 122 (76.7) | |
| Chinese | 27 (17.0) | 24 (15.1) | |
| Indian | 11 (6.9) | 12 (7.6) | |
| Others | 5 (3.1) | 1 (0.6) | |
| Body mass index, n (%) | 0.095b | ||
| Underweight | 5 (3.1) | 9 (5.7) | |
| Normal | 25 (15.7) | 22 (13.8) | |
| Overweight | 49 (30.8) | 32 (20.1) | |
| Obese | 80 (50.3) | 96 (60.4) | |
| Comorbidity, n (%) | |||
| Hypertension | 145 (91.2) | 150 (94.3) | 0.387b |
| Diabetes mellitus | 101 (63.5) | 126 (79.3) | 0.003 b |
| Dyslipidaemia | 129 (81.1) | 150 (94.3) | <0.001 b |
| Ischemic heart disease | 31 (19.5) | 37 (23.3) | 0.494b |
| Marital status, n (%) | 0.203b | ||
| Married | 136 (85.5) | 126 (79.2) | |
| Single | 17 (10.7) | 20 (12.6) | |
| Divorced/separated/widow | 6 (3.8) | 13 (8.2) | |
| Highest education level, n (%) | <0.001 b | ||
| Primary level | 6 (3.7) | 7 (4.4) | |
| Secondary level | 64 (40.3) | 115 (72.3) | |
| Tertiary level | 89 (56.0) | 37 (23.3) | |
| Income category, n (%) | <0.001 b | ||
| B40 | 37 (23.3) | 137 (86.2) | |
| M40 | 103 (64.8) | 22 (13.8) | |
| T20 | 19 (11.9) | 0 (0) | |
| Anaemia, n (%) | 54 (33.96) | 70 (44.03) | 0.085b |
| Haemoglobin (g/dL) | 11.1 ± 2.3 | 10.3 ± 1.8 | 0.001 a |
a independent t-test,
b Pearson Chi Square test
Continuous values are presented as mean ± standard deviation for normally distributed data and median (25th percentile; 75th percentile) for non-normally distributed data.