Table 1.
Demographics and clinical characteristics.
| Total | Age < 50 | Age 50–70 | Age > 70 | p-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 258 | n = 40 | n = 164 | n = 54 | ||
| Sex | 0.017 * | ||||
| Female | 92 (35.7%) | 21 (52.5%) | 58 (35.4%) | 13 (24.1%) | |
| Male | 166 (64.3%) | 19 (47.5%) | 106 (64.6%) | 41 (75.9%) | |
| BMI median (Kg/m2, IQR) | 25.9 (23.4–29.0) | 26.1 (22.6–31.4) | 25.7 (23.4–28.7) | 26.2 (24.2–27.7) | 0.67 § |
| Hypertension n (%) | <0.001 * | ||||
| No | 127 (49.2%) | 30 (75.0%) | 82 (50.0%) | 15 (27.8%) | |
| Yes | 131 (50.8%) | 10 (25.0%) | 82 (50.0%) | 39 (72.2%) | |
| Diabetes mellitus n (%) | 0.009 * | ||||
| No | 227 (88.0%) | 37 (92.5%) | 149 (90.9%) | 41 (75.9%) | |
| Yes | 31 (12.0%) | 3 (7.5%) | 15 (9.1%) | 13 (24.1%) | |
| ASA score n (%) | 0.10 * | ||||
| 1 | 191 (74.0%) | 32 (80.0%) | 124 (75.6%) | 35 (64.8%) | |
| 2 | 32 (12.4%) | 3 (7.5%) | 23 (14.0%) | 6 (11.1%) | |
| 3 | 35 (13.6%) | 5 (12.5%) | 17 (10.4%) | 13 (24.1%) | |
| Tumor size (mm) | 30.0 (23.0–43.0) | 30.0 (20.0–42.5) | 30.0 (21.5–41.0) | 35.5 (25.0–46.0) | 0.17 § |
| RENAL score n (%) | 0.82 * | ||||
| 4 | 25 (9.7%) | 4 (10.0%) | 16 (9.8%) | 5 (9.3%) | |
| 5 | 31 (12.0%) | 3 (7.5%) | 21 (12.8%) | 7 (13.0%) | |
| 6 | 45 (17.4%) | 8 (20.0%) | 28 (17.1%) | 9 (16.7%) | |
| 7 | 52 (20.2%) | 4 (10.0%) | 37 (22.6%) | 11 (20.4%) | |
| 8 | 58 (22.5%) | 11 (27.5%) | 35 (21.3%) | 12 (22.2%) | |
| 9 | 31 (12.0%) | 6 (15.0%) | 16 (9.8%) | 9 (16.7%) | |
| 10 | 13 (5.0%) | 4 (10.0%) | 8 (4.9%) | 1 (1.9%) | |
| 11 | 2 (0.8%) | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (1.2%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
| 12 | 1 (0.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (0.6%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
| Preoperative eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2, IQR) | 97.5 (89.1–104.8) | 109.2 (102.7–112.6) | 98.8 (90.3–104.4) | 89.2 (74.7–93.7) | <0.001 § |
| Preoperative CKD 2 n (%) | 0.017 * | ||||
| No | 238 (92.2%) | 39 (97.5%) | 154 (93.9%) | 45 (83.3%) | |
| Yes | 20 (7.8%) | 1 (2.5%) | 10 (6.1%) | 9 (16.7%) | |
| Postoperative eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2, IQR) | 85.09847 (69.46455–99.56562) | 104.0546 (87.86871–110.9829) | 86.07332 (72.39315–99.18401) | 71.62138 (54.06985–82.43972) | <0.001 § |
| Post-surgical AKI n (%) | 0.14 * | ||||
| No | 211 (81.8%) | 36 (90.0%) | 135 (82.3%) | 40 (74.1%) | |
| Yes | 47 (18.2%) | 4 (10.0%) | 29 (17.7%) | 14 (25.9%) | |
| eGFR at last follow-up (mL/min/1.73 m2, IQR) | 81.6 (64.1–94.6) | 99 (86.5–107.4) | 83.5 (66.4–94.6) | 66.5 (50.7–79.9) | <0.001 § |
| Delta eGFR | 9.6 (2.3–18.7) | 6.6 (0.0–14.0) | 9.8 (2.6–18.6) | 12.7 (3.4–21.5) | 0.097 * |
| CKD-S3a n (%) | 0.001 * | ||||
| No | 204 (79.1%) | 37 (92.5%) | 133 (81.7%) | 34 (63%) | |
| Yes | 54 (19.8%) | 3 (7.5%) | 31 (18.9%) | 20 (37%) | |
| CKD-S3b n (%) | 0.003 * | ||||
| No | 237 (91.9%) | 40 (100.0%) | 153 (93.3%) | 44 (81.5%) | |
| Yes | 21 (8.1%) | 0 (0.0%) | 11 (6.7%) | 10 (18.5%) | |
| Length of follow-up (months, IQR) | 33.0 (20.0–42.0) | 35.5 (16.5–44.5) | 33.0 (21.0–42.0) | 31.0 (16.0–37.0) | 0.21 * |
| OR time (min, IQR) | 135.5 (113.0–168.0) | 125.0 (109.5–146.5) | 140.0 (112.0–169.0) | 148.0 (116.0–173.0) | 0.13 § |
| WIT (min, IQR) | 12.0 (10.0–16.0) | 12.0 (9.0–17.0) | 12.0 (10.0–17.0) | 12.0 (9.0–16.0) | 0.65 § |
| EBL (ml, IQR) | 70.0 (40.0–100.0) | 70.0 (37.5–100.0) | 70.0 (40.0–100.0) | 75.0 (30.0–200.0) | 0.92 § |
| Surgical margin n (%) | 0.47 * | ||||
| Negative | 249 (96.5%) | 38 (95.0%) | 160 (97.6%) | 51 (94.4%) | |
| Positive | 9 (3.5%) | 2 (5.0%) | 4 (2.4%) | 3 (5.6%) | |
| MIC n (%) | 0.36 * | ||||
| No | 46 (17.8%) | 9 (22.5%) | 25 (15.2%) | 12 (22.2%) | |
| Yes | 212 (82.2%) | 31 (77.5%) | 139 (84.8%) | 42 (77.8%) |
Abbreviations: § Kruskal–Wallis test; * Pearson’s chi-squared test; BMI: Body Mass Index; ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; CKD: chronic kidney disease; AKI: Acute Kidneys Injury; OR time: operative room time; WIT: warm ischemia time; MIC: Margin Ischemia Complication. Parameters for which a statistically significant difference is present are in bold.