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Possible impact of DPP-4i on bone metabolism; symbols: ⬆—increase, ⬇—decrease. Abbreviations: GIP—gastric inhibitory polypeptide, GLP-1—including glucagon-like peptide 1, GLP-2—including glucagon-like peptide 2, IGF-1—insulin-like growth factor 1, SDF-1α—stromal cell-derived factor-1, NPY—neuropeptide Y, AGE—advanced glycation end products.
