TABLE 3.
Characteristics of male study participants who ingested nutritional treatments consisting of a ketone monoester, whey protein, or ketone monoester co-ingested with whey protein
| Characteristic | Nutritional treatment group |
||
|---|---|---|---|
| KET | PRO | KET+PRO | |
| Age (y) | 23.3 ± 3.6 | 24.0 ± 4.7 | 25.4 ± 3.9 |
| Height (m) | 1.75 ± 0.05 | 1.78 ± 0.07 | 1.73 ± 0.08 |
| Weight (kg) | 74.5 ± 5.2 | 71.9 ± 8.6 | 70.0 ± 10.5 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.3 ± 1.6 | 22.6 ± 1.7 | 23.4 ± 2.3 |
| Systolic BP (mm Hg) | 121 ± 13 | 112 ± 10 | 118 ± 12 |
| Diastolic BP (mm Hg) | 77 ± 11 | 72 ± 10 | 77 ± 8 |
| Resting heart rate (bpm) | 78 ± 13 | 77 ± 13 | 73 ± 13 |
| Body fat (%) | 22.1 ± 6.5 | 21.2 ± 4.8 | 19.6 ± 6.2 |
| Bone-free and fat-free mass (kg) | 55.5 ± 5.0 | 53.8 ± 6.6 | 53.5 ± 8.2 |
Values represent mean ± SD, n = 12 per group.
Abbreviations: bpm, beats per minute; KET, treatment consisting of 0.36 g/kg/body weight of the ketone monoester (R)-3-hydroxybutyl (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate; KET+PRO, treatment consisting of 0.36 g/kg/body weight of the ketone monoester (R)-3-hydroxybutyl (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate co-ingested with 10 g whey protein; PRO, treatment consisting of 10 g whey protein.