. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2025 Aug 1.

Published in final edited form as: J Clin Gastroenterol. 2024 Aug 1;58(7):650–655. doi: 10.1097/MCG.0000000000001931

Table 4.

Side effect profile by type of antiobesity medication

Characteristic, N (%)	Celiac disease + AOM N=39	AOM N=78	p value
Any side effect	12 (30.7)	22 (28.2)	0.83
GI side effects^*	8 (66.7)	12 (54.5)	0.71
Non-GI side effects^¶	4 (33.3)	10 (45.5)	0.71
Injectable GLP-1 receptor agonists
Any side effect	7 (33.3)	15 (35.7)	1.00
GI side effects	6 (85.7)	11 (73.3)	1.00
Non-GI side effects	1 (14.3)	4 (26.7)	1.00
Oral non-GLP-1 AOMs
Any side effect	5 (27.8)	7 (19.4)	0.51
GI side effects	2 (40.0)	1 (14.3)	0.52
Non-GI side effects	3 (60.0)	8 (85.7)	0.52

Gastrointestinal symptoms included nausea/vomiting, abdominal pain, heartburn, diarrhea, and constipation.

^¶

Non-GI symptoms included dry mouth, fatigue, anxiety, insomnia, paresthesias, blurry vision and skin reaction.

AOM indicates antiobesity medication; GLP-1, glucagon-like peptide 1.