Table 2.
Independent predictors for all-cause mortalitya.
| Parameters | In-hospital |
1-year |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | p-value | HR (95% CI) | p-value | |
| Age – per-1yr | 1.04 (1.03–1.04) | <0.001 | 1.03 (1.03–1.04) | <0.001 |
| Male | 0.83 (0.79–0.88) | <0.001 | 0.93 (0.89–0.96) | <0.001 |
| Surgical evacuation of ICH | 0.46 (0.41–0.52) | <0.001 | 0.49 (0.45–0.53) | <0.001 |
| Referral source | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||
| Emergency Department | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | ||
| Physician-referred | 0.35 (0.29–0.42) | <0.001 | 0.51 (0.46–0.57) | <0.001 |
| External hospital-referred | 0.83 (0.75–0.91) | <0.001 | 0.90 (0.85–0.96) | 0.001 |
| Others | 1.51 (1.13–2.01) | 0.005 | 1.21 (1.02–1.45) | 0.03 |
| Unknown | 1.00 (0.50–2.02) | 1.00 | 0.87 (0.51–1.47) | 0.60 |
| Hypertension | 0.86 (0.83–0.89) | <0.001 | ||
| Hyperlipidaemia | 0.56 (0.49–0.64) | <0.001 | 0.60 (0.54–0.65) | <0.001 |
| Current smoker | 0.82 (0.74–0.92) | <0.001 | 0.89 (0.83–0.96) | <0.001 |
| CCI score – per 1-scoreb | 1.06 (1.05–1.08) | <0.001 | 1.10 (1.09–1.11) | 0.002 |
| Year of admission | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||
| 2002 | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | ||
| 2003 | 0.88 (0.77–1.01) | 0.08 | 0.91 (0.83–0.99) | 0.04 |
| 2004 | 0.87 (0.75–1.00) | 0.05 | 0.91 (0.83–1.00) | 0.05 |
| 2005 | 0.85 (0.73–0.98) | 0.02 | 0.85 (0.77–0.93) | 0.001 |
| 2006 | 0.86 (0.74–0.99) | 0.03 | 0.87 (0.79–0.95) | 0.002 |
| 2007 | 0.81 (0.70–0.94) | 0.004 | 0.86 (0.79–0.95) | 0.002 |
| 2008 | 0.75 (0.65–0.87) | <0.001 | 0.79 (0.72–0.86) | <0.001 |
| 2009 | 0.76 (0.66–0.87) | <0.001 | 0.84 (0.77–0.92) | <0.001 |
| 2010 | 0.66 (0.57–0.76) | <0.001 | 0.80 (0.73–0.88) | <0.001 |
| 2011 | 0.76 (0.66–0.87) | <0.001 | 0.85 (0.77–0.93) | <0.001 |
| 2012 | 0.73 (0.63–0.84) | <0.001 | 0.81 (0.74–0.89) | <0.001 |
| 2013 | 0.68 (0.59–0.78) | <0.001 | 0.80 (0.73–0.87) | <0.001 |
| 2014 | 0.64 (0.56–0.75) | <0.001 | 0.75 (0.68–0.82) | <0.001 |
| 2015 | 0.52 (0.45–0.60) | <0.001 | 0.69 (0.62–0.76) | <0.001 |
| 2016 | 0.51 (0.44–0.59) | <0.001 | 0.69 (0.63–0.76) | <0.001 |
| 2017 | 0.55 (0.47–0.64) | <0.001 | 0.69 (0.63–0.76) | <0.001 |
CCI, Charlson comorbidity index; CI, confidence interval; HR, hazards ratio; ICH, intracranial haemorrhage; OR, odds ratio.
Only variables with P < 0.05 in multivariable analysis are shown (see Supplementary Tables 10 and 11 for full multivariable analysis results).
Conditions included in the Charlson Comorbidity Index include myocardial infarction, congestive cardiac failure, peripheral vascular disease, stroke, dementia, chronic pulmonary disease, connective tissue disease, peptic ulcer disease, liver disease (mild vs. moderate to severe), diabetes (with or without organ damage), hemiplegia, moderate to severe renal disease, any tumor (within last 5 years), lymphoma, leukemia, metastatic solid tumor and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.