Table 2.
Energy imbalance gap and its components according to sociodemographic characteristics.
| Variables | n (%) | Mean (95% CI) of EI (kcal/day) | Mean (95% CI) of EE (kcal/day) | Mean (95% CI) of EIG (kcal/day) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall | 680 (100.0) | 2091.3 (2054.0;2128.6) | 2067.8 (2033.6;2102.1) | 23.5 (−16.9;63.8) |
| Country | ||||
| Argentina | 87 (12.8) | 2323.1 (2202.7;2443.6) | 2116.9 (2026.1;2207.8) | 206.2 (91.9;320.5) |
| Brazil | 123 (18.1) | 2046.1 (1944.1;2148.1) | 2070.6 (1982.6;2158.6) | −24.5 (−129.9;80.9) |
| Chile | 64 (9.4) | 1884.6 (1777.9;1991.3) | 2167.5 (2053.6;2281.4) | −282.9 (−408.8;-156.9) |
| Colombia | 73 (10.7) | 2190.9 (2085.9;2296.0) | 2020.5 (1927.2;2113.7) | 170.5 (59.4;281.5) |
| Costa Rica | 69 (10.1) | 2003.8 (1895.3;2112.3) | 2172.2 (2047.0;2297.3) | −168.4 (−299.7;-37.0) |
| Ecuador | 73 (10.7) | 2177.0 (2081.0;2273.0) | 2103.1 (2010.3;2195.9) | 74.0 (−33.4;181.3) |
| Peru | 97 (14.3) | 2087.1 (2002.1;2172.1) | 1963.7 (1882.7;2044.7) | 123.4 (30.3;216.5) |
| Venezuela | 94 (13.8) | 2001.2 (1906.2;2096.1) | 1991.2 (1892.3;2090.1) | 10.0 (−96.3;116.2) |
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 390 (57.4) | 2276.2 (2228.3;2324.0) | 2311.3 (2268.8;2353.7) | −35.1 (−93.7;23.5) |
| Female | 290 (42.6) | 1842.7 (1796.7;1888.6) | 1740.4 (1713.6;1767.3) | 102.2 (50.7;153.7) |
| Socio-economic status | ||||
| Low | 361 (53.1) | 2102.6 (2051.0;2154.1) | 2047.3 (2003.2;2091.5) | 55.2 (0.3;110.1) |
| Middle | 258 (37.9) | 2067.9 (2007.0;2128.8) | 2073.7 (2015.6;2131.8) | −5.8 (−72.1;60.5) |
| High | 61 (9.0) | 2123.5 (2000.4;2246.5) | 2164.2 (2030.5;2297.9) | −40.8 (−180.7;99.2) |
| Education level | ||||
| Basic | 563 (82.8) | 2113.7 (2071.9;2155.5) | 2084.8 (2047.3;2122.3) | 28.9 (−16.2;74.1) |
| High school | 98 (14.4) | 1966.9 (1880.0;2053.7) | 1946.5 (1867.3;2025.6) | 20.4 (−71.1;111.9) |
| Undergraduate | 19 (2.8) | 2069.2 (1855.8;2282.5) | 2191.3 (1867.9;2514.7) | −122.1 (−428.8;184.6) |
| Ethnicity | ||||
| Caucasian | 234 (34.4) | 2092.6 (2028.8;2156.3) | 2127.3 (2060.9;2193.6) | −34.7 (−107.7;38.3) |
| Mestizo | 331 (48.7) | 2085.2 (2033.3;2137.1) | 2018.2 (1975.1;2061.3) | 67.0 (12.6;121.4) |
| Afro-American | 32 (4.7) | 2078.8 (1848.4;2309.1) | 2009.1 (1856.2;2162.0) | 69.7 (−156.4;295.8) |
| Indigenous | 9 (1.3) | 2006.9 (1808.8;2204.9) | 2163.8 (1840.8;2486.7) | −156.9 (−392.5;78.7) |
| Others | 74 (10.9) | 2130.1 (2008.3;2251.9) | 2115.5 (2003.2;2227.9) | 14.6 (−112.4;141.6) |
| Body mass index for age | ||||
| Underweight | 12 (1.8) | 2233.5 (1949.6;2517.5) | 1887.3 (1736.0;2038.6) | 346.2 (70.2;622.2) |
| Normal weight | 626 (92.1) | 2086.7 (2048.2;2125.3) | 2044.2 (2011.6;2076.7) | 42.5 (2.7;82.4) |
| Overweight | 42 (6.2) | 2119.0 (1940.2;2297.8) | 2472.1 (2231.4;2712.9) | −353.1 (−595.5;-110.7) |
| Height for age | ||||
| Low | 51 (7.5) | 2029.0 (1900.0;2157.9) | 1921.8 (1835.2;2008.4) | 107.2 (−10.5;224.8) |
| Risk of low height | 68 (10.0) | 2041.3 (1921.6;2160.9) | 2000.0 (1891.9;2108.1) | 41.3 (−84.7;167.3) |
| Normal | 561 (82.5) | 2103.0 (2061.6;2144.4) | 2089.3 (2050.8;2127.8) | 13.7 (−31.7;59.1) |
95% CI, confidence interval 95%; EI, energy intake; EE, energy expenditure; EIG, energy imbalance gap.