Table 3.

Mean^* costs (in Euro) per patient/year according to working condition

	Non-employed (N = 76)	Employed (N = 131)	P
Hospital visits	2919 (0;79,760)	1421 (0;26,587)	0.181
ED visits	51 (0;350)	24 (0;350)	0.001
Specialist visits	296 (0;1,653)	214 (0;868)	0.002
Imaging/laboratory exams	555 (0;2,131)	426 (0;4,411)	0.008
Drugs	4242 (0;31,627)	4220 (0;18,907)	0.003
Out-of-pocket	1046 (0;6,600)	881 (0;12,092)	0.634
Direct health costs	9108 (0;85,409)	7186 (0;29,897)	0.108
Transport/food/accommodation	1065 (0;14,800)	362 (0;11,200)	< 0.001
Formal assistance	367 (0;8,287)	540 (0;8,287)	0.126
Informal assistance	20,166 (0;104,971)	6619 (0;83,424)	< 0.001
Direct non-health costs	21,598 (0;108,209)	7521 (0;85,224)	< 0.001
Productivity loss	–	2183 (0;16,574)	< 0.001
Direct non-health and indirect costs	21,598 (0;108,209)	9704 (0;89,368)	0.041
Overall	30,706 (0;193,617)	16,890 (0;99,391)	0.006

Categories reported in italics represent the sum of the cost item above, similarly related numbers

(P < 0.05) statistically significant values are highlighted in bold

^* Mean (minimum;maximum) costs are shown

ED = emergency department