Table 1.

The research question of the presented review is defined according to the PICO approach.

P	Population	Healthcare professionals in training (includes medical students and practicing professionals engaging in continuous education)
I	Intervention	Immersive virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) technologies used in medical education and training
C	Comparison	Traditional educational methods or no intervention
O	Outcome	Improvement in specific competencies (e.g., knowledge retention, procedural skills, diagnostic accuracy, decision-making)
S	Study Design	Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies evaluating the use of VR and AR in medical education