Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of included patients diagnosed with HCC
| Total (n = 265) | Training cohort (n = 184) | Validation cohort (n = 81) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 62.80 ± 10.38 | 63.12 ± 10.18 | 62.09 ± 10.87 | 0.675 |
| Sex (n, %) | ||||
| Male | 210 (79.25) | 145 (78.80) | 66 (81.48) | 0.618 |
| Female | 55 (20.75) | 39 (21.20) | 15 (81.48) | |
| Etiology (n, %) | ||||
| HBV/HCV | 199 (75.09) | 138 (75.00) | 61 (75.31) | 0.957 |
| None | 66 (24.91) | 46 (25.00) | 20 (24.69) | |
| AFP (n, %) | ||||
| ≥ 20 ng/mL | 107 (40.38) | 78 (42.39) | 29 (35.80) | 0.314 |
| < 20 ng/mL | 158 (59.62) | 106 (57.61) | 52 (64.20) | |
| ALT (U/L) | 26.80 (18.50–39.60) | 26.85 (18.40–39.65) | 26.20 (18.60–35.30) | 0.715 |
| AST (U/L) | 31.75 (25.99–43.15) | 31.80 (25.60–42.90) | 31.70 (26.40–45.40) | 0.814 |
| TB (μmol/L) | 13.60 (10.90–19.20) | 13.25 (10.88–19.20) | 15.00 (11.10–19.90) | 0.253 |
| PT (s) | 12.20 (11.60–13.00) | 12.30 (11.60–13.00) | 12.10 (11.60–12.80) | 0.438 |
| Albumin (g/L) | 40.31 (37.40–43.50) | 40.20 (36.80–43.15) | 40.80 (37.90–44.90) | 0.134 |
| Child–Pugh grade (n, %) | ||||
| A | 237 (89.43) | 166 (90.22) | 71 (87.65) | 0.532 |
| B | 28 (10.57) | 18 (9.78) | 10 (12.35) | |
| PS (n, %) | ||||
| 0 | 262 (98.87) | 182 (98.91) | 80 (98.77) | 0.917 |
| 1 | 3 (1.13) | 2 (1.09) | 1 (1.23) | |
| HCC number (n, %) | ||||
| Solitary | 253 (95.47) | 176 (95.65) | 77 (95.06) | 0.831 |
| Two | 12 (4.53) | 8 (4.35) | 4 (4.94) | |
| BCLC stage (n, %) | ||||
| 0 ~ A | 235 (88.68) | 166 (90.22) | 69 (85.19) | 0.234 |
| B ~ C | 30 (11.32) | 18 (9.78) | 12 (14.81) | |
| HCC differentiation (n, %) | ||||
| Well/moderately | 52 (11.4)/151 (53.85) | 43 (22.27)/102 (54.40) | 9 (15.51)/49 (58.33) | 0.680 |
| Poorly | 74 (26.71) | 48 (24.87) | 26 (30.95) | |
HCC hepatocellular carcinoma, HBV hepatitis B virus, HCV hepatitis C virus, AFP alpha-fetoprotein, ALT alanine aminotransferase, AST aspartate aminotransferase, TB total bilirubin, PT prothrombin time, PS performance status, BCLC Barcelona Clinical Liver Cancer. HCC differentiation rate was calculated based on HCC number (n = 277)