Table 7.

Testing for genetic overlap with Doust et al. and Wang et al. on reading/language phenotypes, based on SNP-based test statistics

(1) GWAS by Doust et al.
Phenotype	P < 5e-08	P < 5e-06	P < 1-06
CVB_Total	3.11E-04	6.58E-04	6.46E-04
CWR_Norm	3.62E-02	7.66E-02	7.52E-02
(2) GWAS by Wang et al.
Phenotype		P < 5e-06	P < 1e-05
CVB_Total		2.51E-02	5.01E-02
CVK_Total		2.12E-02	4.23E-02
EIS_Total		8.10E-03	1.62E-02
EMA_Total		2.98E-02	2.83E-02

The above is based on the Simes test. Only traits showing significant results are shown above. Full results (including results from Simes and ACAT tests) are presented in Supplementary Data 13.

For SNP-set analysis based on the GWAS by Wang et al., since the number of SNPs with available data is small, we aggregated the top SNPs across all eight phenotypes studied by Wang et al.

For details of the statistical test, please refer to the main text. Briefly, for SNP-set analysis, we first identified top SNPs (defined by p-values smaller than predefined cutoffs) from two independent GWAS datasets on dyslexia and reading abilities. Then we extracted the same SNP-set from our data, and performed the Simes test and ACAT test to examine whether the SNP-set as a whole was significantly associated with our studied traits.