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. 2024 Mar 27;14:7227. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-57871-9

Table 4.

Final multiple regression model for outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Variable p Odds ratio 95% confidence interval
Age in years  < 0.001 0.987 0.982–0.992
Female sex  < 0.001 0.803 0.728–0.886
Diabetes duration ≤ 2 years 0.002 0.670 0.522–0.860
Diabetes duration in years 0.040 1.014 1.001–1.027
Insulin 0.259 1.080 0.945–1.234
SARS-cov-2 vaccination dose 1  < 0.001 1.482 1.222–1.797
SARS-cov-2 vaccination dose 2  < 0.001 0.537 0.442–0.652
SARS-cov-2 vaccination booster  < 0.001 0.305 0.262–0.355
Hypertensive diseases  < 0.001 1.313 1.127–1.529
Chronic lower respiratory diseases 0.008 1.262 1.064–1.497
Other chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 0.921 0.990 0.815–1.203
Chronic kidney disease  < 0.001 1.304 1.135–1.499
SGLT-2 inhibitors  < 0.001 0.722 0.610–0.856
DPP-4 inhibitors 0.090 1.094 0.986–1.213
Metformin 0.463 1.040 0.936–1.156

P of the multivariate model < 0.001.

Bolded text in table represents variables with statistically significant association to outcome; Univariate models are available in Additional file 2.