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. 2024 Mar 27;14:7293. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-57199-4

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© The Author(s) 2024

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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(A) Proportion of patients that did not meet diagnostic criteria of optic neuritis with respective missing clinical criteria and available pathological paraclinical findings. RAPD, relative afferent pupillary deficit. (B) Venn diagram with pathological paraclinical findings and overlaps of the respective abnormal diagnostics. Abnormal MRI: 43%, CSF abnormalities: 57%, abnormal VEP: 58%, combination of abnormal MRI and CSF: 41%, combination of abnormal MRI and VEP: 36% Combination of abnormal CSF and VEP: 50%, combination of abnormal findings in MRI, CSF and VEP: 29%. MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; VEP, visual evoked potential.