TABLE 1.
Infection of marmosets with wild-type and vaccine strains of measles virus
| Group (no. of subjects) | No. of mice infected/total no.a
|
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MV-IgGpreb | MV-IgMpreb | MV-IgGpostc | MV-IgMpostc | MV-PCRd | Virus rescuee | |
| MV vaccine (3) | 0/3 | 0/3 | 3/3 | 3/3 | 0/3 | ND |
| MV wild type (3) | 0/3 | 0/3 | 3/3 | 3/3 | 2/3 | 2/3 |
| Naive/exposed (3) | 0/3 | 0/3 | 3/3 | 3/3 | 3/3 | 3/3 |
Animals were anesthetized and inoculated intranasally with 104 50% tissue culture infective doses of virus. For the last group, naive animals were housed in cages adjoining the group inoculated with WT virus beginning on the day of inoculation. The Attenuvax (Moraten) vaccine strain, a derivative of Edmonston virus, was adapted to grow in Vero cells. The wild-type strain was Pennsylvania-1 90 and was cultivated in phytohemagglutinin-stimulated marmoset peripheral blood mononuclear cells to avoid contamination by Epstein-Barr virus, which is present in B95-8 cells.
An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay specific for measles virus (MV) IgG or IgM was performed as previously described (23). Preinoculation serum samples were obtained 24 h before inoculation or exposure.
Postinoculation serum samples were positive for measles virus IgG and IgM by 14 to 21 days after inoculation or exposure.
RT-PCR to detect measles virus RNA was performed on RNA extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells and collected at weekly intervals from days 7 to 60 after inoculation or exposure by using oligonucleotides specific for the nucleocapsid protein.
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells collected at weekly intervals after inoculation were inoculated into B95-8 cultures.