Table 2a.
The concentration levels of heavy metals (mg/L) in fresh milk bought from dairy farms in Pretoria.
| Samples | As | Cr | Cu | Fe | Mg | Mn | Ni | Pb | Se | Zn |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | 0.029±0.017 | 0.024±0.017 | 0.010±0.004 | 0.268±0.032 | 3.355±0.363 | 0.008±0.001 | 0.003±0.005 | 0.072±0.079 | 0.035±0.041 | 0.185±0.012 |
| B | 0.029±0.017 | 0.008±0.007 | 0.012±0.004 | 0.282±0.038 | 3.631±0.379 | 0.007±0.001 | 0.004±0.005 | 0.018±0.002 | 0.021±0.023 | 0.293±0.034 |
| C | 0.026±0.018 | 0.007±0.008 | 0.012±0.004 | 0.278±0.020 | 3.384±0.255 | 0.008±0.001 | 0.004±0.006 | 0.020±0.004 | 0.015±0.016 | 0.309±0.036 |
| D | 0.025±0.015 | 0.005±0.008 | 0.011±0.004 | 0.239±0.022 | 3.597±0.221 | 0.007±0.001 | 0.003±0.005 | 0.016±0.003 | 0.012±0.013 | 0.180±0.008 |
| E | 0.018±0.018 | 0.001±0.022 | 0.011±0.003 | 0.297±0.017 | 3.897±0.204 | 0.008±0.001 | 0.006±0.008 | 0.018±0.003 | 0.025±0.032 | 0.197±0.020 |
| F | 0.021±0.010 | 0.004±0.010 | 0.009±0.003 | 0.346±0.046 | 3.731±0.207 | 0.007±0.001 | 0.004±0.006 | 0.021±0.004 | 0.013±0.015 | 0.200±0.052 |
| G | 0.019±0.011 | 0.004±0.010 | 0.011±0.005 | 0.305±0.019 | 3.859±0.214 | 0.007±0.001 | 0.003±0.004 | 0.022±0.003 | 0.013±0.015 | 0.220±0.079 |
| Range | 0.018±0.018–0.029±0.017 | 0.001±0.022–0.024±0.017 | 0.009±0.003–0.012±0.004 | 0.239±0.022–0.346±0.046 | 3.355±0.363–3.897±0.204 | 0.007±0.001–0.008±0.001 | 0.003±0.004–0.006±0.008 | 0.016±0.003–0.072±0.079 | 0.012±0.013–0.035±0.041 | 0.185±0.012–0.309±0.036 |
| WHO Recommended limits | 0.01 | 0.05 | 1.50 | 0.5 | 150 | 0.40 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 5.00 |