Table 4.
Thickness Difference Estimates Stratified by Age Groups for the PRL
| PRL Thickness | 40 to 49 Age Group (n = 9855) |
50 to 59 Age Group (n = 12 590) |
60 to 69 Age Group (n = 14 452) |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Thickness Difference (95% CI) | P Value | Thickness Difference (95% CI) | P Value | Thickness Difference (95% CI) | P Value | |
| Very severe periodontitis | ||||||
| Absent | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
| Present | −0.27 (−1.19 to 0.64) | 0.56 | −0.02 (−0.73 to 0.69) | 0.95 | −1.19 (−1.85 to −0.53) | < 0.001 |
| Age | ||||||
| Per decile | 0.78 (0.18–1.37) | 0.010 | −1.11 (−1.55 to −0.52) | < 0.001 | −2.30 (−2.81 to −1.79) | < 0.001 |
| Sex | ||||||
| Female | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
| Male | 2.66 (2.32–2.99) | <0.001 | 1.56 (1.26– to 1.86) | < 0.001 | 1.81 (1.53–2.09) | < 0.001 |
| Ethnicity | ||||||
| White | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
| Asian (South) | −3.41 (−4.26 to −2.56) | < 0.001 | −4.22 (−5.17 to −3.28) | < 0.001 | −4.20 (−5.32 to −3.07) | < 0.001 |
| Black | −6.59 (−7.37 to −5.81) | < 0.001 | −5.50 (−6.43 to −4.57) | < 0.001 | −4.36 (−5.93 to −2.80) | < 0.001 |
| Other | −2.33 (−3.13 to −1.53) | < 0.001 | −2.92 (−3.77 to −2.07) | < 0.001 | −1.15 (−2.27 to −0.02) | 0.046 |
| Socioeconomic status | ||||||
| Per SD increase | −0.13 (−0.31 to 0.04) | 0.13 | −0.35 (−0.50 to −0.20) | < 0.001 | −0.28 (−0.42 to −0.14) | < 0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus | ||||||
| Absent | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
| Present | −1.52 (−2.84 to −0.21) | 0.023 | −2.24 (−3.12 to −1.37) | < 0.001 | −1.14 (−1.79 to −0.49) | < 0.001 |
| Hypertension | ||||||
| Absent | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
| Present | −0.47 (−1.02 to 0.07) | 0.09 | −0.61 (−0.98 to −0.24) | 0.001 | −1.04 (−1.34 to −0.74) | < 0.001 |
| Alcohol drinker status | ||||||
| Never | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
| Previous | 0.24 (−0.96 to 1.44) | 0.69 | 0.73 (−0.39 to 1.85) | 0.20 | 0.66 (−0.40 to 1.72) | 0.22 |
| Current | 1.03 (0.20–1.85) | 0.015 | 1.03 (0.23–1.82) | 0.012 | 1.03 (0.33–1.74) | 0.004 |
| Smoking status | ||||||
| Never | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
| Previous | 0.06 (−0.33 to 0.45) | 0.77 | 0.18 (−0.15 to 0.51) | 0.29 | 0.05 (−0.24 to 0.35) | 0.73 |
| Current | −0.36 (−0.87 to 0.15) | 0.16 | −0.60 (−1.12 to −0.07) | 0.026 | −1.44 (−2.02 to −0.85) | < 0.001 |
| Refractive error | ||||||
| Per diopter | 1.80 (1.67–1.92) | < 0.001 | 1.69 (1.58–1.80) | < 0.001 | 1.61 (1.50–1.72) | < 0.001 |
| Previous cataract surgery | ||||||
| Absent | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
| Present | 0.57 (−7.57 to 8.71) | 0.89 | −1.33 (−5.43 to 2.77) | 0.53 | 0.83 (−0.72 to 2.37) | 0.29 |
A significant association was only seen for the group aged 60 to 69 years. Figures in bold were considered statistically significant.
CI = confidence interval; PRL = photoreceptor layer; SD = standard deviation.