Table 1.
Characteristics of studies included in the systematic review
| No. | Study | Location | Study type | Age (y) | Criteria | Intervention |
Placebo |
Outcome | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Size | Drug | Size | Drug | |||||||
| 1. | Bahrami [25] (2021) | Iran | A randomized, triple-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial | 20.8±1.7 | PSST; VAS | 57 | 500 mg curcuminoids + 5 mg piperine | 61 | The placebo capsules contained 500 mg lactose powder + 5 mg piperine | - PSST (case: 21.6±9.8, control: 23.4±12.8) |
| - VAS-3 mo (case: 4.7±2.6, control: 5.2±2.5) | ||||||||||
| - Mild pain (case: 27 [47.4], control: 20 [32.8]) | ||||||||||
| - Moderate pain (case: 28 [49.1], control: 35 [57.4]) | ||||||||||
| 2. | Fanaei [27] (2015) | Iran | A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial | 25.21±9.2 | Questionnaire | 32 | Curcumin 100 mg/12 h for 10 d (in each menstrual cycle 7 d before and 3 d after onset of menstrual bleeding) | 31 | Brown sugar as placebo | - Severity of PMS-1 mo (case: 39.32±22.5, control: 93.87±39.7) |
| - Severity of PMS-2 mo (case: 44.61±26.4, control: 94.66±51.3) | ||||||||||
| - Severity of PMS-3 mo (case: 43.45±23.1, control: 89.9±42.6) | ||||||||||
| - Behavioral Sx (case: 11.32±12.3, control: 22.72±18.28) | ||||||||||
| - Mood Sx (case: 17.45±8.5, control: 33.63±20.46) | ||||||||||
| - Physical Sx (case: 14.6±17.4, control: 33.45±17) | ||||||||||
| 3. | Hesami [24] (2020) | Iran | Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial | 22.11±2.09 | VAS | 30 | 500 mg of powdered turmeric for 5 d | 31 | Wheat flour | Pain intensity2 mo (case: 5.67±0.8, control: 7.01±0.28) |
| Mild pain (case: 4 [13.3], control: 4 [12.9]) | ||||||||||
| Moderate pain (case: 12 [40], control: 14 [45.16]) | ||||||||||
| Severe pain (case: 14 [46.6], control: 13 [41.9]) | ||||||||||
| 4. | Khayat [15] (2015) | Iran | Clinical trial, double-blinded study | 25.21±9.2 | Questionnaire | 32 | Curcumin 100 mg/12 h from 7 d before and until 3 d after onset of menstrual bleeding | 31 | Brown sugar | Severity of PMS3 mo (case: 42.47±16.37, control: 91.60±43.56) |
| Behavioral Sx (case: 9.21±5.49, control: 23.14±17.27) | ||||||||||
| Mood Sx (case: 15.13±7.48, control: 33.85±18.04) | ||||||||||
| Physical Sx (case: 18.13±10.92, control: 38.50±20.27) | ||||||||||
| 5. | Tabari [26] (2020) | Iran | Double blinded randomized controlled clinical trial | 18–35 | VAS; question naire | 37 | 500 mg of turmeric extract; 2 capsules with meal in the first 3 d | 37 | Corn starch and 10 g of carbohydrates | Pain severity 2 mo (case: 4.6±1.50, control: 5.8±1.82) |
PSST, Premenstrual Syndrome Screening Tool; VAS, visual analog scale; PMS, premenstrual syndrome; Sx, symptoms.