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. 2024 Feb 28;47(4):610–619. doi: 10.2337/dc23-2459

Table 2.

Differences in diabetes distress and depressive symptoms at 1 year from baseline

Glargine vs. other three groups combined Liraglutide vs. glargine group Liraglutide vs. glimepiride and sitagliptin groups combined
Difference* LL UL P value Difference* LL UL P value Difference* LL UL P value
Diabetes distress
 Primary diabetes distress −0.101 −0.164 −0.037 0.002 0.042 −0.037 0.119 0.289 −0.097 −0.169 −0.026 0.008
 Emotional distress subscale −0.065 −0.130 −0.000 0.049 0.023 −0.057 0.103 0.572 −0.073 −0.148 0.003 0.058
 Regimen-related distress subscale −0.135 −0.213 −0.058 0.001 0.061 −0.033 0.155 0.206 −0.122 −0.208 −0.036 0.006
 Physician-related distress subscale −0.061 −0.129 0.006 0.075 0.027 −0.053 0.106 0.511 −0.056 −0.130 0.017 0.133
 Interpersonal distress subscale −0.067 −0.143 0.010 0.088 −0.035 −0.123 0.053 0.438 −0.165 −0.247 −0.083 <0.001
Depressive symptoms
 Primary depressive symptoms −0.165 −0.487 0.158 0.316 0.307 −0.095 0.709 0.135 0.189 −0.135 0.513 0.252
 Somatic symptoms score −0.025 −0.070 0.020 0.275 0.056 −0.001 0.112 0.053 0.043 −0.004 0.089 0.072
 Cognitive-affective symptoms score −0.013 −0.059 0.033 0.574 0.010 −0.046 0.065 0.737 −0.008 −0.052 0.036 0.724

LL, lower limit; UL, upper limit. Significant P values are in boldface.

*Difference in means at 1 year.