Table 1.

Baseline patient characteristics

	Diabetes			No diabetes			P (T2D vs. no diabetes)
	Empagliflozin (n = 20)	Placebo (n = 10)	P	Empagliflozin (n = 18)	Placebo (n = 9)	P
Age, years	54 ± 2	57 ± 2	NS	44 ± 3	47 ± 3	NS	<0.05
Female sex, %	42	45	NS	44	55	NS	NS
BMI, kg/m2	32.4 ± 1.1	33.2 ± 1.2	NS	33.9 ± 2.0	35.1 ± 2.1	NS	NS
Diabetes duration, years	5.9 ± 1.5	6.0 ± 2.1	NS			NS	NS
FPG, mg/dL	149 ± 8	159 ± 14	NS	105 ± 2	104 ± 1	NS	<0.0001
2-h glucose, mg/dL	268 ± 15	276 ± 21	NS	150 ± 8	144 ± 10	NS	<0.0001
HbA1c, %	7.5 ± 0.4	7.8 ± 0.5	NS	5.5 ± 0.1	5.6 ± 0.1	NS	<0.0001
Baseline medications
Drug naive	45	55	NS
Metformin	40	33	NS
Metformin + SU	15	22	NS
eGFR, mL/min ⋅ 1.73 m2	100 ± 3	98 ± 4	NS	97 ± 4	98 ± 5	NS	NS
ALT, IU	36 ± 4	28 ± 3	NS	35 ± 4	31 ± 5	NS	NS
AST, IU	24 ± 2	19 ± 1	NS	22 ± 2	20 ± 2	NS	NS
ALT/AST ratio	0.70 ± 0.05	0.70 ± 0.06	NS	0.65 ± 0.05	0.68 ± 0.05	NS	NS
FIB-4	0.98 ± 0.12	0.80 ± 0.06	NS	0.70 ± 0.10	0.73 ± 0.07	NS	NS
APRI	0.33 ± 0.06	0.23 ± 0.02	NS	0.28 ± 0.04	0.25 ± 0.03	NS	NS
NFS	−0.42 ± 0.31	−0.32 ± 0.25	NS	−0.78 ± 0.31	−0.55 ± 0.23	NS	NS
Liver fat, %	13.9 ± 1.5	12.9 ± 1.6	NS	12.1 ± 1.6	11.1 ± 1.6	NS	NS
n with >5% liver fat	18	9	NS	17	6	NS	NS

eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; SU, sulfonylurea.