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. 2024 Mar 21;24(6):2010. doi: 10.3390/s24062010

Table 4.

Mean and standard deviation results of analysis of physiological features in engine assembly.

Physiological
Metrics
Expertise Group 1 Rest
(B) 2
Housing
(LC) 2
Gear
(MC) 2
Rotor and Cover
(HC) 2
Baselined
peak pupil dilation
(mm) 3
E 0.000 ± 0.000 0.457 ± 0.270 0.626 ± 0.253 0.484 ± 0.282
N-E 0.000 ± 0.000 0.631 ± 0.469 0.706 ± 0.419 0.736 ± 0.682
Baselined pupil-
diameter derivative (mm/s) 3
E 0.000 ± 0.000 6.993 ± 0.114 −0.041 ± 0.152 0.015 ± 0.026
N-E 0.000 ± 0.000 −0.011 ± 0.010 −0.002 ± 0.032 −0.001 ± 0.006
Baselined SDNN
(ms) 3
E 0.000 ± 0.000 4.363 ± 22.123 −4.257 ± 13.977 5.780 ± 18.861
N-E 0.000 ± 0.000 30.434 ± 61.439 −13.292 ± 33.977 −2.375 ± 58.385
Baselined RMSSD
(ms) 3
E 0.000 ± 0.000 18.934 ± 30.241 9.051 ± 18.609 16.374 ± 27.140
N-E 0.000 ± 0.000 −34.743 ± 86.464 −8.940 ± 47.154 1.340 ± 75.709
Baselined PNN50
(%)
E 0.000 ± 0.000 0.382 ± 0.454 0.623 ± 0.686 0.401 ± 0.449
N-E 0.000 ± 0.000 −0.044 ± 0.501 0.173 ± 0.787 −0.108 ± 0.510
LF
(ms2/Hz) 3
E 1.196 ± 2.825 14.776 ± 22.135 12.411 ± 26.253 0.909 ± 1.432
N-E 8.577 ± 28.084 0.797 ± 1.150 4.760 ± 13.400 1070.000 ± 34,400.000
HF
(ms2/Hz) 3
E 0.021 ± 0.049 0.176 ± 0.274 0.147 ± 0.300 0.008 ± 0.012
N-E 0.104 ± 0.344 0.011 ± 0.021 0.012 ± 0.024 1770.000 ± 5860.000
LFnu
(%)
E 0.425 ± 0.364 99.505 ± 0.554 98.923 ± 0.606 99.263 ± 0.568
N-E 0.382 ± 0.506 82.252 ± 37.974 90.390 ± 29.900 81.900 ± 35.703
HFnu
(%)
E 0.005 ± 0.008 0.495 ± 0.554 1.077 ± 0.606 0.737 ± 0.568
N-E 0.003 ± 0.007 0.562 ± 0.675 0.539 ± 0.857 2.345 ± 4.320
LF/HF ratio
(Unitless)
E 425.491 ± 283.706 616.648 ± 541.243 179.885 ± 215.633 281.295 ± 258.100
N-E 566.180 ± 177.973 408.872 ± 363.832 527.458 ± 423.384 400.036 ± 729.143

1 Column Expertise Group is presented with E for experts and N-E for non-experts. 2 Rest: baseline stage; housing assembly: low-complexity stage; gear assembly: medium-complexity stage; rotor and cover assembly: high-complexity stage.3 Units: “mm” is an abbreviation for millimetres; “mm/s” stands for millimetres per second; “ms” stands for milliseconds, “ms2/Hz” stands for milliseconds squared per hertz.