Figure 3.

Antiviral activity of Uncaria tomentosa against CHIKV infection. (A) Extracellular and (B) Intracellular CHIKV RNA quantification by RT-qPCR of CHIKV-infected Vero cells at an MOI of 0.01 and treated with different concentrations (6–100 µg/mL) of hydroalcoholic extract of UT for 24, 48 h, and 72 h. The data represent the means and standard deviation (±SD) of three independent experiments in duplicates. * p < 0.05, one-way ANOVA followed by Turkey test. Linear regression analysis after conversion to logarithm of the doses, significant ++ p < 0.01, ++++ p < 0.0001 indicated. (C) Cell morphology of Vero cells at 24 and 48 h p.i. Representative images of negative control (Mock), positive control (CHIKV infected), and CHIKV-infected cells after treatment with 100 µg/mL.