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. 2024 Mar 16;13(6):860. doi: 10.3390/plants13060860

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Comparison of root system architecture with and without PEG treatment. (A) Morphological features of roots. (B–D) The length of seminal roots (B), the number of adventitious roots (C), and number of lateral roots (D) with and without two weeks of osmotic stress. (E–G) Relative seminal root length (E), number of adventitious roots (F), and number of lateral roots (G) after osmotic stress, normalized for each mock. (H) The morphology of lateral roots from one representative main root. Bar = 2 cm in (A) and 1 cm in (H). Error bars in (B–D) indicate the means ± SD (n = 12) of three biological replicates. Asterisks specify a significant difference, whereas “ns” denotes non-significant, obtained via two-way ANOVA (Tukey’s test), where * p < 0.05, *** p < 0.005 and **** p < 0.001. Abbreviations: SR (seminal root), AR (adventitious root), and LR (lateral root).