AD	Alzheimer’s disease
Aβ	amyloid β peptide
BACE1	β-secretase 1
BBB	blood–brain barrier
BDNF	brain-derived neurotrophic factor
BMECs	brain microvascular endothelial cells
CBF	cerebral blood flow
ceRNAs	competitive endogenous RNAs
ECs	endothelial cells
ELK4	ETS domain protein 4
eNOS	endothelial nitric oxide synthase
I/R	Ischemia–reperfusion
ICAM-1	intercellular adhesion molecule-1
ICH	intracerebral hemorrhage
IGF-1	insulin-like growth factor-1
IL	interleukin
IL-1β	interleukin-1β
IL-6	interleukin-6
itgα5	integrin α5
KLF4	Kruppel-like transcription factor 4
LDL	low-density lipoprotein
lincRNAs	intergenic lncRNAs
lncRNAs	long non-coding RNAs
MALAT1	metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1
MCAO	middle cerebral artery occlusion
MCI	mild cognitive impairment
MEM	memantine
miR-92a	microRNA-92a
miRNAs	microRNAs
MMP	matrix metalloproteinases
ncRNA	non-coding RNA
NfL	neurofilament light chain
NF-κB	nuclear factor κB
NGF	nerve-derived growth factor
NGS	next-generation sequencing
NMDA	N-methyl-D-aspartate
NVU	neurovascular unit
OGD	oxygen–glucose deprivation
OGD/R	oxygen–glucose deprivation/reperfusion
RAGE	receptors for advanced glycation end-products
ROS	reactive oxygen species
SAH	subarachnoid hemorrhage
SIRT1	sirtuin1
SVD	small vessel disease
T2DM	type 2 diabetes mellitus
TNF	tumor necrosis factor
TNF-α	tumor necrosis factor-α
VaD	vascular dementia
VCAM-1	vascular cell adhesion molecule-1
VCI	vascular cognitive impairment
VEGF	vascular endothelial growth factor
vWF	von Willebrand factor
WD	Western diet
WMHs	white matter hyperintensities