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. 2024 Feb 23;13(3):200. doi: 10.3390/pathogens13030200

Table 2.

Summary of vaccine recommendations in pregnant and breastfeeding persons for infant protection from the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices in the United States [52,59].

Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices Guidance
Influenza [60]

  • All persons aged ≥6 months, including those who are pregnant or who might be pregnant during the influenza season, should receive influenza vaccine.

  • Any age appropriate IIV4 or RIV4 may be given in any trimester.

  • LAIV4 should not be used during pregnancy but can be used postpartum.
Tetanus and Pertussis [61]

  • Pregnant persons who are not immunized or only partially immunized against tetanus should complete the primary series.

  • A dose of Tdap should be administered during each pregnancy, irrespective of the patient’s prior history of receiving Tdap.

  • Optimal timing for Tdap administration is between 27 and 36 weeks of gestation, although Tdap may be given at any time during pregnancy.
COVID-19 [62]

  • COVID-19 vaccination is recommended for all persons aged ≥6 months, including those who are pregnant, might become pregnant, were recently pregnant or are breastfeeding.

  • The safety and effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccination indicates that the benefits of vaccination outweigh any potential risk of COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy.
RSV [50]

  • Maternal RSV vaccine is recommended for pregnant people 32 through 36 weeks gestation to prevent LRTI in infants.

  • Either maternal RSV vaccination during pregnancy at 32 through 36 weeks’ gestation or nirsevimab immunization for infants aged < 8 months who are born during or entering their first RSV season is recommended to prevent RSV-associated LRTI in infants, but administration of both products is not needed for most infants.

IIV4 = inactivated influenza vaccine, quadrivalent; RIV4 = recombinant influenza vaccine, quadrivalent; LAIV4 = live attenuated influenza vaccine, quadrivalent; Tdap = Tetanus, Diphtheria, and Pertussis vaccine; COVID-19 = Coronavirus disease 2019; RSV = respiratory syncytial virus; LRTI = lower respiratory tract infection.