Table 2.
The weighted odds ratio for the relationship between DII and cognitive impairment.
| Crude OR (95% CI) | p-Value | Model 1 OR (95% CI) | p-Value | Model 2 OR (95% CI) | p-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CERAD | ||||||
| Total DII | 1.17 (1.05,1.32) | 0.01 | 1.19 (1.02,1.39) | 0.02 | 1.14 (0.98,1.32) | 0.09 |
| Categories | ||||||
| Q1 | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
| Q2 | 1.52 (0.90,2.56) | 0.11 | 1.46 (0.84,2.53) | 0.17 | 1.35 (0.76,2.41) | 0.27 |
| Q3 | 1.31 (0.67,2.57) | 0.41 | 1.47 (0.65,3.33) | 0.34 | 1.28 (0.57,2.87) | 0.52 |
| Q4 | 2.21 (1.13,4.33) | 0.02 | 2.12 (0.91,4.96) | 0.08 | 1.69 (0.68,4.18) | 0.23 |
| p for trend | 0.03 | 0.08 | 0.25 | |||
| AFT | ||||||
| Total DII | 1.22 (1.08,1.37) | 0.002 | 1.20 (1.08,1.34) | 0.002 | 1.15 (1.02, 1.28) | 0.02 |
| Categories | ||||||
| Q1 | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
| Q2 | 1.75 (0.90,3.40) | 0.09 | 1.82 (0.89,3.72) | 0.10 | 1.68 (0.80,3.55) | 0.15 |
| Q3 | 2.11 (1.28,3.48) | 0.005 | 2.25 (1.34,3.77) | 0.004 | 1.99 (1.16,3.41) | 0.02 |
| Q4 | 2.64 (1.44,4.83) | 0.003 | 2.35 (1.31,4.20) | 0.01 | 1.89 (1.05,3.38) | 0.03 |
| p for trend | 0.001 | 0.002 | 0.03 | |||
| DSST | ||||||
| Total DII | 1.42 (1.21,1.67) | < 0.001 | 1.45 (1.20,1.76) | < 0.001 | 1.38 (1.13, 1.68) | 0.004 |
| Categories | ||||||
| Q1 | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
| Q2 | 1.44 (0.78, 2.66) | 0.24 | 1.43 (0.72, 2.83) | 0.29 | 1.08 (0.48, 2.44) | 0.84 |
| Q3 | 2.14 (0.98, 4.71) | 0.06 | 2.53 (0.96, 6.69) | 0.06 | 2.06 (0.77, 5.56) | 0.14 |
| Q4 | 5.16 (2.65,10.03) | <0.001 | 5.34 (2.50,11.42) | <0.001 | 4.30 (1.85, 9.98) | 0.003 |
| p for trend | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | 0.001 | |||
Crude: no covariates were adjusted. Model 1: age, gender, and race were adjusted. Model 2: age, gender, race, PIR, BMI, education, smoke, alcohol use, diabetes, hypertension, stroke, and depression were adjusted. Abbreviations: DII, dietary inflammation index; CERAD, the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease; AFT, Animal Fluency test; DSST, Digit Symbol Substitution Test; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval. Bold value: p-value is less than 0.05, indicating statistical significance.