TABLE 1.
Summary of the 13 Articles Identified in This Review and Whether They Met the Requirements of Questions 1 and 2 As Outlined in the Introduction
| References | Endpoint | Predictors Used | Further Specific Inclusion/Exclusion Criteria | Development Cohort Size | Model Type | Q1 | Q2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gerotziafas et al (24) | IMV | sP-selectin, d-dimer, tissue factor pathway inhibitor, tissue factor activity, factor XII, IL-6 | 118 | T-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding | ✘ | ✘ | |
| Arina et al (25) | IMV or death | C-reactive protein, N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide | Continuous positive airway pressure use for at least 6 hr in a 24-hr period | 93 | Logistic regression | ✔ | ✔ |
| Cao et al (26) | Death | Urea, hs-CRP | IMV | 77 | Logistic regression | ✔ | ✔ |
| Pan et al (27) | Death | Lactate dehydrogenase, prothrombin time, creatinine, lymphocyte percentage, total bilirubin, albumin level, neutrophil percentage, eosinophil percentage | 98 | XGBoost | ✘ | ✔ | |
| Popadic et al (28) | Death | Albumin, IL-6, d-dimer | 160 | Logistic regression | ✔ | ✘ | |
| Vaid et al (29) | Death | Not reported | IMV < 48 hr after ICU admission | 4029 | Multiple | ✘ | ✘ |
| Vaid et al (30) | Death | Not reported | IMV < 48 hr after ICU admission | 4098 | XGBoost | ✘ | ✘ |
| Vassiliou et al (31) | Death | Soluble E-selectin, sP-selectin, angiopoietin-2, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1, von Willebrand factor | 38 | Unclear | ✘ | ✘ | |
| Wang et al (32) | Death | Age, aspartate transaminase, urea, chest tightness | 104 | Logistic regression | ✔ | ✘ | |
| Falandry et al (33) | Death within 30 d | Age, Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale 8 | Age ≥ 60 | 231 | Logistic regression | ✔ | ✘ |
| Leoni et al (34) | Death censored at 28 d | Age, obesity, procalcitonin, SOFA, Pao2/Fio2 | IMV or Fio2 > 60% | 229 | Cox regression | ✔ | ✔ |
| Leoni et al (35) | Death censored 28 d | Modified NUTrition Risk In the Critically ill, hs-CRP, neutrophils | 98 | Cox regression | ✔ | ✔ | |
| Moisa et al (36) | Death censored at 28 d | Age, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, SOFA | 425 | Cox regression | ✔ | ✔ |
hs-CRP = high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, IL-6 = interleukin-6, IMV = invasive mechanical ventilation, SOFA = Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, sP-selectin = soluble platelet selectin, XGBoost = eXtreme Gradient Boosting.