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. 2024 Feb 22;8(5):ziae023. doi: 10.1093/jbmrpl/ziae023

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© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Age-dependent changes are present in cytokine response to fracture injury. Mice underwent tibial fracture surgery and fracture calluses were harvested 0dpf (prior to fracture), 3dpf, and 7dpf. Calluses were homogenized and investigated for cytokine profile using multiplex ELISA. Calculated cytokine amounts were normalized to total amount of protein within the lysate. (A) IL-1β; (B) IL-9; (C) IFNγ; (D) CCL3/MIP-1α; (E) IL-2; (F) TNFα; (G) TNFR1; (H) IL-4; (I) IL-10; (J) CXCL1/KC-GRO; (K) CXCL2/MIP-2; (L) IL-6; and (M) CCL2/MCP were determined from lysates of young and old, male and female mice. N = 5–6; data analyzed by two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test when significant; ^*P < 0.05, ^*^*P < 0.01, ^*^*^*P < 0.001, ^*^*^*^*P < 0.0001 (YM, young males; OM, old males; YF, young females; OF, old females).