Table 1.
Sample characteristics.
| 2015–2016 | 2017–2018 | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n | 5412 | 5856 | |
| Male (%) | 2613 (48.3) | 2840 (48.5) | 0.83 |
| Age (mean (SD)) | 48.10 (18.53) | 49.89 (18.78) | 0.85 |
| Race (%) | 0.97 | ||
| White | 1731 (32.0) | 2032 (34.7) | |
| Black | 1138 (21.0) | 1343 (22.9) | |
| Hispanic | 1686 (31.2) | 1335 (22.8) | |
| Other | 857 (15.8) | 1146 (19.6) | |
| Ratio family income to poverty (%) | 0.63 | ||
| 0–1 | 1242 (22.9) | 1143 (19.5) | |
| 1–2 | 1509 (27.9) | 1647 (28.1) | |
| 2–3 | 923 (17.1) | 989 (16.9) | |
| 3+ | 1738 (32.1) | 2077 (35.5) | |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 29.39 (7.04) | 29.71 (7.42) | 0.26 |
| Waist circumference, cm | 99.80 (16.90) | 100.42 (17.42) | 0.54 |
| Systolic BP, mm Hg | 124.89 (18.47) | 126.30 (20.28) | 0.94 |
| Diastolic BP, mm Hg | 69.58 (11.90) | 72.04 (12.60) | 0.01 |
| HDL cholesterol, mg/dL | 53.9 (16.6) | 53.2 (14.7) | 0.05 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 188.8 (39.5) | 186.6 (39.8) | 0.10 |
| White blood count, 1000 cells/μL | 7.00 [5.80, 8.50] | 7.00 [5.70, 8.50] | 0.51 |
| Platelet count, 1000 cells/μL | 239.42 (59.59) | 242.83 (62.35) | 0.05 |
| General health | 0.68 | ||
| Fair/poor | 1345 (24.9) | 1447 (24.7) | |
| Good | 2267 (41.9) | 2472 (42.2) | |
| Excellent/very good | 1800 (33.3) | 1937 (33.1) | |
| Arthritis | 1342 (24.8) | 1704 (29.1) | 0.57 |
| Congestive heart failure | 190 (3.5) | 204 (3.5) | 0.95 |
| Coronary heart disease | 220 (4.1) | 266 (4.5) | 0.35 |
| Angina | 120 (2.2) | 163 (2.8) | 0.15 |
| Heart attack | 226 (4.2) | 273 (4.7) | 0.63 |
| Liver condition | 239 (4.4) | 307 (5.2) | 0.11 |
| COPD | 174 (3.2) | 297 (5.1) | 0.09 |
| Cancer | 494 (9.1) | 593 (10.1) | 0.72 |
| MET score, min/week | 1200 [0, 4320] | 1320 [0, 4800] | 0.01 |
| Statin | 978 (18.1) | 1200 (20.5) | 0.86 |
| Metformin | 496 (9.2) | 606 (10.3) | 0.65 |
| Smoking, current | 994 (18.4) | 1021 (17.4) | 0.44 |
BMI: body mass index, HDL: high density lipoprotein, BP: blood pressure, COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, MET: metabolic activity.