Table 1.
Characteristics of participants, weighted.
| Non-MAFLD (N = 2,255) | MAFLD (N = 1,378) | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 45.88 ± 17.27 | 51.56 ± 16.05 | <0.0001 |
| Gender (%) | <0.0001 | ||
| Male | 44.76 | 55.72 | |
| Female | 55.24 | 44.28 | |
| Race (%) | <0.0001 | ||
| Mexican American | 6.48 | 12.52 | |
| Other Hispanic | 6.57 | 6.93 | |
| Non-Hispanic White | 63.47 | 61.86 | |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 12.89 | 8.92 | |
| Other Race | 10.58 | 9.77 | |
| Education level (%) | <0.0001 | ||
| Below high school | 8.92 | 10.41 | |
| High school graduate | 25.28 | 29.78 | |
| Some college or AA degree | 29.12 | 33.43 | |
| College graduate or above | 36.68 | 26.38 | |
| PIR (%) | 0.4255 | ||
| <1.30 | 19.17 | 20.29 | |
| ≥1.30, <3.50 | 35.53 | 36.61 | |
| ≥3.50 | 45.30 | 43.10 | |
| DII (%) | <0.0001 | ||
| Quartile 1 (−5.10 ~ −0.27) | 27.75 | 23.08 | |
| Quartile 2 (−0.26 ~ 1.07) | 27.69 | 25.94 | |
| Quartile 3 (1.08 ~ 2.27) | 20.32 | 27.73 | |
| Quartile 4 (2.28 ~ 4.82) | 24.25 | 23.24 | |
| DII | 0.79 ± 1.77 | 1.00 ± 1.62 | 0.0006 |
| LSM (Kpa) | 5.01 ± 3.52 | 6.83 ± 6.75 | <0.0001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27.16 ± 5.74 | 33.84 ± 6.54 | <0.0001 |
| HSCRP (mg/L) | 2.96 ± 6.84 | 5.11 ± 8.26 | <0.0001 |
| TC (mg/L) | 187.90 ± 38.82 | 192.80 ± 42.26 | 0.0004 |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.46 ± 0.61 | 6.07 ± 1.25 | <0.0001 |
| ALT (U/L) | 20.79 ± 14.88 | 28.96 ± 20.46 | <0.0001 |
| AST(U/L) | 22.28 ± 14.92 | 23.74 ± 12.51 | 0.0027 |
| Albumin (g/dl) | 4.13 ± 0.31 | 4.08 ± 0.31 | <0.0001 |
| Minutes of sedentary activity (min) | 337.25 ± 188.77 | 361.65 ± 202.47 | 0.0003 |
| Hypertension (%) | <0.0001 | ||
| No | 88.97 | 80.06 | |
| Yes | 11.03 | 19.94 | |
| Diabetes (%) | <0.0001 | ||
| No | 95.34 | 79.92 | |
| Yes | 4.66 | 20.08 | |
| Drinking status (%) | 0.1259 | ||
| Low | 68.42 | 71.41 | |
| Moderate | 24.31 | 21.38 | |
| Heavy | 7.27 | 7.21 | |
| Drug use (%) | <0.0001 | ||
| Never | 96.05 | 98.95 | |
| Moderate | 2.49 | 0.38 | |
| Heavy | 1.45 | 0.66 |
PIR, ratio of family income to poverty; BMI, body mass index; LSM, a median Liver Stiffness Measurement; HSCRP, hypersensitive C reactive protein; TC, cholesterol; HbA1c, Glycohemoglobin; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase.