Table 5.
Multivariate logistic regression model of DKD.
| OR | 95%CI lower | 95%CI upper | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WWI index | 1.325 | 1.123 | 1.563 | <0.001 |
| Age (years) | 1.015 | 1.004 | 1.025 | 0.007 |
| Male | 0.459 | 0.353 | 0.598 | <0.001 |
| Race (vs. Mexican American) | ||||
| Non-Hispanic Black | 0.443 | 0.312 | 0.629 | <0.001 |
| Non-Hispanic White | 0.650 | 0.479 | 0.881 | 0.005 |
| Other Hispanic | 0.645 | 0.444 | 0.937 | 0.021 |
| Other Races | 0.858 | 0.584 | 1.263 | 0.438 |
| Under $20,000 | 1.112 | 0.879 | 1.406 | 0.378 |
| Above high school | 0.837 | 0.678 | 1.034 | 0.099 |
| Moderate physical activity | 0.922 | 0.742 | 1.146 | 0.466 |
| Smokers | 1.232 | 1.003 | 1.512 | 0.047 |
| Hypertension | 1.260 | 1.012 | 1.570 | 0.039 |
| Cardiovascular disease | 1.186 | 0.937 | 1.503 | 0.157 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 0.998 | 0.981 | 1.015 | 0.809 |
| ALT (U/L) | 0.995 | 0.985 | 1.004 | 0.256 |
| AST (U/L) | 1.001 | 0.994 | 1.008 | 0.761 |
| GGT (U/L) | 1.004 | 1.002 | 1.006 | 0.001 |
| FPG (mmol/L) | 1.012 | 0.965 | 1.061 | 0.630 |
| Glycohemoglobin (%) | 1.329 | 1.212 | 1.457 | <0.001 |
| TG (mmol/L) | 1.017 | 0.949 | 1.091 | 0.630 |
| TC (mmol/L) | 0.916 | 0.646 | 1.299 | 0.624 |
| HDL-c (mmol/L) | 1.095 | 0.772 | 1.553 | 0.612 |
| LDL-c (mmol/L) | 1.092 | 0.770 | 1.549 | 0.620 |
| BUN (mmol/L) | 1.092 | 1.025 | 1.164 | 0.006 |
| SUA (umol/L) | 1.002 | 1.000 | 1.003 | 0.017 |
| Scr (umol/L) | 1.046 | 1.038 | 1.053 | <0.001 |