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. 2024 Mar 28;14:7412. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-58148-x

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© The Author(s) 2024

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Expression of hyaluronan in human peritoneal membrane treated with conventional solutions or low-GDP, pH-neutral solutions. (A) Flow diagram of the study population. (Human peritoneal membrane biopsied cohort). (B) HABP and HE staining. (C) Differences in L/V ratio, HABP positivity, CD31-positive vessels, and CD68-positive cells. (D) Expression on CD31-positive vessels and CD68-positive macrophages. Two representative cases are shown in each group. HE staining was conducted after HABP staining on the same sections. Arrows and arrowheads indicate the same vessels in each case. Expression of hyaluronan assessed by HABP positivity was decreased in association with lower L/V ratio in the conventional solution group. There was a good correlation between L/V ratio and HABP positivity (r² = 0.524, p < 0.0001). There was no significant difference in the number of CD31-positive vessels and CD68-positive macrophages between the two solution groups. Control: (green circle); Conventional: conventional solution group (red circle); Neutral: low-GDP, pH-neutral solution group (blue circle); L/V ratio: luminal diameter to vessel diameter; HABP hyaluronan-binding protein, LEL Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, HS heparan sulfate, n.s. not significant. Scale bars = 100 μm.

Expression of hyaluronan in human peritoneal membrane treated with conventional solutions or low-GDP, pH-neutral solutions. (A) Flow diagram of the study population. (Human peritoneal membrane biopsied cohort). (B) HABP and HE staining. (C) Differences in L/V ratio, HABP positivity, CD31-positive vessels, and CD68-positive cells. (D) Expression on CD31-positive vessels and CD68-positive macrophages. Two representative cases are shown in each group. HE staining was conducted after HABP staining on the same sections. Arrows and arrowheads indicate the same vessels in each case. Expression of hyaluronan assessed by HABP positivity was decreased in association with lower L/V ratio in the conventional solution group. There was a good correlation between L/V ratio and HABP positivity (r² = 0.524, p < 0.0001). There was no significant difference in the number of CD31-positive vessels and CD68-positive macrophages between the two solution groups. Control: (green circle); Conventional: conventional solution group (red circle); Neutral: low-GDP, pH-neutral solution group (blue circle); L/V ratio: luminal diameter to vessel diameter; HABP hyaluronan-binding protein, LEL Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, HS heparan sulfate, n.s. not significant. Scale bars = 100 μm.