(a-d) Optical and (e-h) secondary electron micrographs of the free surface morphology of Cu-based materials: (a, e) Cu PHC R; (b, f) Cu PHC R + A; (c, g) Cu15Zn; (d, h) Cu18Ni20Zn. Yellow arrows indicate micro-wrinkles (perpendicular to horizontal marks along the rolling direction) and white arrows indicate slip bands. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)