Fig. 5.

Metabolic and Oxidative Stress Indices Modulated by Agent Orange Herbicide Toxins. Rat FLSCs treated for 24 h with Vehicle (Veh), 2,4-D, 2,4,5-T, or D + T were analyzed for A) HNE, B) 8-OHdG, C) Ubiquitin, D) activated Caspase 3, E) PCNA, and F) GFAP immunoreactivity by duplex ELISA with results normalized to RPLPO. Each group included 6 replicate cultures with 5 or 6 frontal lobe slices per well. Results were analyzed by one-way ANOVA with post hoc Tukey tests (repeated measures; See Table 3). Significant p-values are indicated within the graphs (*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001; ****p < 0.0001).