Table 3.
Assessment of cartilage regeneration in included studies
| Study | ICRS grade | Post-OP Koshino Staging | Post-OP MOCART score | Post-OP histology | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre-OP | Post-OP | ||||
| Shon et al. 2023 [20] |
SD + PCHCA, III (4), IV (47); SD, III (6), IV (45) |
SD + PCHCA, I (7), II (36), III (8), IV (7); SD, I (1), II (15), III (21), IV (14) |
SD + PCHCA, A (0), B (12), C (39); SD, A (4), B (41), C (6) | N/A | N/A |
| Kim et al. 2023 [21] | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Wu et al. 2023 [22] | I (3), II (37), III (10) | I (22), II (26), III (2) | N/A | N/A |
increased expression of p-ERK 1/2 |
| Park et al. 2023 [23] | IV (10) | I (1), II (7), III (2) | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Lee et al. 2023 [24] | I (3), II (7), III (16), IV (39) | I (7), II (12), III (26), IV (20) | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Yang et al. 2022 [25] |
BMAC, III (5), IV (50); hUCB-MSC, III (3), IV (52) |
BMAC, I (1), II (20), III (11), IV (5); hUCB-MSC, I (4), II (30), III (10) | BMAC, A (4), B (12), C (21); hUCB-MSC, B (12), C (32) | N/A | N/A |
| Kim et al. 2022 [34] | N/A | N/A | A (25), B (63), C (34) | N/A | N/A |
| Otsuki et al. 2022 [26] | 0-I (10), II (34), III (38), IV (60) | 0-I (30), II (37), III (47), IV (28) | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Jin et al. 2021 [32] |
MFX, III (38), IV (5); BMAC, III (41), IV (7) |
MFX, II (12), III (10), IV (9); BMAC, I (1), II (18), III (11), IV (3) |
MFX, A (5), B (16), C-1 (9), C-2 (1); BMAC, A (2), B (15), C-1 (14), C-2 (2) |
N/A | N/A |
| Chung et al. 2021 [27] | IV (49) | I (4), II (34), III (11) | B (12), C-1 (27), C-2 (10) | N/A | N/A |
| Iida et al. 2021 [28] | III (4), IV (4) | II (2), III (6) | N/A | 69.2 ± 10.1 | N/A |
| Song et al. 2020 [29] | IV (125) | I (73), II (37), III (15) | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Lee et al. 2019 [30] |
MFX, I (3), II (13), III (21), IV (20); No procedure, I (2), II (7), III (15), IV (6) |
MFX, 0 (3), I (8), II (9), III (23), IV (14); No procedure, I (7), II (15), III (8) |
N/A | 41.8 ± 18.6 (MFX), 31.8 ± 19.8 (No procedure) | N/A |
| Kim et al. 2017 [35] |
MFX, III (5), IV (9); MFX + Collagen, III (6), IV (8) |
MFX, II (4), III (7), IV (3); MFX + Collagen, I (3), II (9), III (2) |
N/A | 45.4 ± 11.5 (MFX), 64.6 ± 14.1 (MFX + Collagen) |
ICRS-II score 885.4 (MFX), 1053.2 (MFX + Collagen) |
| Kumagai et al. 2017 [31] | II (11), III (53), IV (67) | I (14), II (21), III (56), IV (40) | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Jung et al. 2015 [33] | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
ICRS International Cartilage Repair Society, Pre-OP preoperative, Post-OP postoperative, MOCART magnetic resonance observation of cartilage repair tissue, SD subchondral drilling, PCHCA particulated costal hyaline cartilage allograft, N/A not applicable, hUCB-MSC human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cell, BMAC bone marrow aspirate concentrate, MFX microfracture