Table 2.
Demographic and clinicopathological characteristics of patients in the training set.
| Characteristic | Non-PICC-RVTE (n = 194) | PICC-RVTE (n = 21) | x² | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic characteristics | ||||
| Age (years) | 1.938 | 0.126 | ||
| ≤60 | 131 (67.5) | 11 (52.4) | ||
| >60 | 63 (32.5) | 10 (47.6) | ||
| Gender | 0.104 | 0.469 | ||
| Male | 113 (58.2) | 13 (61.9) | ||
| Female | 81 (41.8) | 8 (38.1) | ||
| Diagnosis | 2.945 | 0.067 | ||
| Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) |
155 (79.9) | 20 (95.2) | ||
| Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL) |
39 (20.1) | 1 (4.8) | ||
| Activity amount | 10.161 | 0.009 | ||
| Hardly | 10 (5.2) | 5 (23.8) | ||
| Frequently | 184 (94.8) | 16 (76.2) | ||
| Surgical history (within the last 6 months) | 0.107 | 0.458 | ||
| No | 118 (60.8) | 12 (57.1) | ||
| Yes | 76 (39.2) | 9 (42.9) | ||
| PICC history of blood transfusion (within the last 6 months) | 9.337 | 0.009 | ||
| No | 179 (92.3) | 15 (71.4) | ||
| Yes | 15 (7.7) | 6 (28.6) | ||
| KPS score | 5.098 | 0.023 | ||
| ≥90points | 123 (63.4) | 8 (38.1) | ||
| ≤80 points | 71 (36.6) | 13 (61.9) | ||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 0.287 | 0.425 | ||
| ≤25 | 157 (80.9) | 18 (85.7) | ||
| >25 | 37 (19.1) | 40 (14.3) | ||
| smoking history | 2.064 | 0.120 | ||
| No | 140 (72.2) | 12 (57.1) | ||
| Yes | 54 (27.8) | 9 (42.9) | ||
| drinking history | 4.142 | 0.052 | ||
| No | 170 (87.6) | 15 (71.4) | ||
| Yes | 24 (12.4) | 6 (28.6) | ||
| Co-infection | 8.053 | 0.009 | ||
| No | 161 (83.0) | 12 (57.1) | ||
| Yes | 33 (17.0) | 9 (42.9) | ||
| Hormone use | 0.408 | 0.381 | ||
| No | 39 (20.1) | 3 (14.3) | ||
| Yes | 155 (79.9) | 18 (85.7) | ||
| Hypertension | 0.100 | 0.547 | ||
| No | 171 (88.1) | 19 (90.5) | ||
| Yes | 23 (11.9) | 2 (9.5) | ||
| Diabetes mellitus | 0.070 | 0.567 | ||
| No | 187 (96.4) | 20 (95.2) | ||
| Yes | 7 (3.6) | 1 (4.8) | ||
| Hyperlipidemia | 3.334 | 0.069 | ||
| No | 161 (83.0) | 14 (66.7) | ||
| Yes | 33 (17.0) | 7 (33.3) | ||
| Thrombosis history (within the last 12 months) | 18.604 | 0.001 | ||
| No | 186 (95.9) | 15 (71.4) | ||
| Yes | 8 (4.1) | 6 (28.6) | ||
| Laboratory data | ||||
| RBC (1012/l) | 1.938 | 0.124 | ||
| ≤4.0 | 63 (32.5) | 10 (47.6) | ||
| >4.0 | 131 (67.5) | 11 (52.4) | ||
| WBC* (109/l) | 0.770 | 0.680 | ||
| <4 | 47 (24.2) | 6 (28.6) | ||
| 4-10 | 120 (61.9) | 11 (52.4) | ||
| >10 | 27 (13.9) | 4 (19.0) | ||
| PLT (109/l) | 0.183 | 0.913 | ||
| <100 | 22 (11.3) | 3 (14.3) | ||
| 100-300 | 131 (67.5) | 14 (66.7) | ||
| >300 | 41 (21.1) | 4 (19.0) | ||
| HGB (g/l) | 0.282 | 0.381 | ||
| ≤110 | 140 (72.2) | 14 (66.7) | ||
| >110 | 54 (27.8) | 7 (33.3) | ||
| HCT | 1.804 | 0.133 | ||
| ≤40 | 109 (56.2) | 15 (71.4) | ||
| >40 | 85 (43.8) | 6 (28.6) | ||
| PT (s) | 0.081 | 0.481 | ||
| ≤12.1 | 41 (21.1) | 5 (23.8) | ||
| >12.1 | 153 (78.9) | 16 (76.2) | ||
| INR | 0.068 | 0.543 | ||
| ≤1.06 | 162 (83.5) | 18 (85.7) | ||
| >1.06 | 32 (16.5) | 3 (14.3) | ||
| APTT (s) | 2.872 | 0.082 | ||
| ≤39.6 | 152 (78.4) | 13 (61.9) | ||
| >39.6 | 42 (21.6) | 8 (38.1) | ||
| TT | 0.442 | 0.336 | ||
| ≤15 | 43 (22.2) | 6 (28.6) | ||
| >15 | 151 (77.8) | 15 (71.4) | ||
| FIB | 7.004 | 0.008 | ||
| ≤4 | 114 (58.8) | 6 (28.6) | ||
| >4 | 80 (41.2) | 15 (71.4) | ||
| ATIII | 6.339 | 0.013 | ||
| ≤97.5 | 66 (34.0) | 13 (61.9) | ||
| >97.5 | 128 (66.0) | 8 (38.1) | ||
| FDP | 2.084 | 0.121 | ||
| <5 | 148 (76.3) | 13 (61.9) | ||
| ≥5 | 46 (23.7) | 8 (38.1) | ||
| D-Dimer (mg/L) | ||||
| ≤0.55 | 102 (52.9) | 4 (19.0) | 8.523 | 0.003 |
| >0.55 | 92 (47.4) | 17 (81.0) | ||
| Albumin (g/L) | 4.594 | 0.040 | ||
| ≤35.5 | 29 (14.9) | 7 (33.3) | ||
| >35.5 | 165 (85.1) | 14 (66.7) | ||
| Albumin/Globulin | 1.357 | 0.178 | ||
| ≤1.62 | 59 (30.4) | 9 (42.9) | ||
| >1.62 | 135 (69.6) | 12 (57.1) | ||
| Total bilirubin (μmol/L) | 1.981 | 0.119 | ||
| ≤9.05 | 96 (49.5) | 7 (33.3) | ||
| >9.05 | 98 (50.5) | 14 (66.7) | ||
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 3.895 | 0.048 | ||
| <5.36 | 149 (76.8) | 12 (57.1) | ||
| ≥5.36 | 45 (23.2) | 9 (42.9) | ||
| Fasting Blood Glucose (mmol/l) | 1.171 | 0.244 | ||
| <6.11 | 169 (87.1) | 20 (95.2) | ||
| ≥6.11 | 25 (12.9) | 1 (4.8) | ||
| Indicators related to PICC placement | ||||
| Catheter type n (%) | 0.030 | 0.529 | ||
| 4Fr | 160 (82.5) | 17 (81.0) | ||
| 5Fr | 34 (17.5) | 4 (19.0) | ||
| History of central venous catheterization | 0.771 | 0.262 | ||
| yes | 110 (56.7) | 14 (66.7) | ||
| no | 84 (43.3) | 7 (33.3) | ||
| Catheter side n (%) | 0.503 | 0.333 | ||
| Left | 168 (86.6) | 17 (81.0) | ||
| Right | 26 (13.4) | 4 (19.0) | ||
| Punctured vein n (%) | 4.272 | 0.118 | ||
| Precious Veins | 182 (93.8) | 18 (85.7) | ||
| Brachial vein | 11 (5.7) | 2 (9.5) | ||
| Cephalic vein | 1 (0.5) | 1 (4.8) | ||
| Position of catheter tip n (%) | 30.503 | <0.001 | ||
| Upper half of superior vena cava | 6 (3.1) | 7 (33.3) | ||
| Lower half of superior vena cava | 188 (96.9) | 14 (66.7) | ||
KPS score, Karnofsky Performance Status score; BMI, Body Mass Index; RBC, Red Blood Cell; WBC, White Blood Cell; PLT, Platelet; HGB, Hemoglobin; HCT, Hematocrit; PT, Prothrombin Time; INR, International Normalized Ratio; APTT, Activated Partial; Thromboplastin Time; TT, Thrombin Time; FIB, Fibrinogen; ATIII, Antithrombin III; FDP, Fibrinogen Degradation Products.