Table 1.
Descriptive characteristics of the study participants by glucose tolerance status.
| NGT | IGT | IPH | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | 136 | 214 | 78 | – |
| Age (yr) | 56.9 (5.0) | 58.3 (5.0)* | 59.6 (5.5)* | .001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.4 (3.0) | 24.0 (3.4) | 24.9 (4.0)*,† | .008 |
| Physical inactivity scores | 0.69 (0.21) | 0.69 (0.19) | 0.74 (0.19) | .15 |
| Hypertensive, n (%) | 20 (14.7) | 45 (21.0) | 22 (28.2) | .058 |
| Hormone replacement therapy, n (%) | 9 (6.6) | 12 (5.6) | 1 (1.3) | .21 |
| Current smoking, n (%) | 2 (1.5) | 2 (0.9) | 2 (2.6) | .58 |
| Systolic BP (mm Hg) | 116 (19) | 122 (19)* | 129 (20)*,† | <.0001 |
| Diastolic BP (mm Hg) | 69 (10) | 71 (10)* | 73 (11)* | .008 |
| ALT (U/L) | 18 (63) | 20 (165) | 23 (185) | – |
| Log ALT | 1.27 (0.15) | 1.33 (0.20)* | 1.40 (0.21)*,† | <.0001 |
| Cr (mg/dL) | 0.64 (0.15) | 0.63 (0.16) | 0.63 (0.14) | .66 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 210 (34) | 209 (34) | 214 (31) | .50 |
| TG (mg/dL) | 82 (331) | 98 (379) | 121 (429) | – |
| Log TG | 1.93 (0.20) | 2.00 (0.20)* | 2.08 (0.20)*,† | <.0001 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 65 (16) | 60 (15)* | 56 (13)*,† | <.0001 |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 131 (32) | 133 (34) | 138 (31) | .33 |
| Fasting glucose (mg/dL) | 93 (7) | 98 (8)* | 103 (9)*,† | <.0001 |
| 2 h glucose (mg/dL) | 124 (12) | 164 (16)* | 229 (23)*,† | <.0001 |
Data are expressed as mean (SD), median (range), or n (%). The medians (ranges) of ALT and TG values are also presented in the table. One-way analysis of variance or χ2 tests were used to compare the differences among the 3 groups.
ALT = alanine aminotransferase, BMI = body mass index, BP = blood pressure, Cr = creatinine, HDL = high-density lipoprotein, IGT = impaired glucose tolerance, IPH = isolated postchallenge hyperglycemia, LDL = low-density lipoprotein, Log ALT = logarithmic transformation of ALT (in U/L), Log TG = log transformation of fasting TG (in mg/dL), NGT = normal glucose tolerance, TG = fasting triglycerides.
P < .05 versus NGT; compared by Bonferroni correction method.
P < .05 versus IGT; compared by Bonferroni correction method.